HomeMy WebLinkAboutFY 2002 Capital Investmentital Investment
LOCATION OF CAPITAL BUDGET MATERIALS IN THE FY2002 BUDGET
• Program 9000: FY1998- FY2000 Capital Budget
Financing and Funding Sources .................................................................. ............................9 -1 to 9 -10
• FY2002- FY2006 Capital Improvement Plan and Cash Capital Plan Overview ........................... 21 to 27
• Capital Improvement Plan Project Descriptions ..................... ............................... Appendix A -1 to A -31
INTRODUCTION
Everything the Town does, from providing services
to its residents and citizens, to equipping
employees to effectively perform their jobs,
requires the existence of certain basic physical
assets. These assets include streets, water mains,
parks, buildings, large equipment and technology.
They must be purchased, maintained and replaced
on a timely basis or their usefulness in providing
public services will diminish.
The information contained in this section is
intended to accomplish the following goals:
• Identify the sources of funding for capital
investment
• Acknowledge the interrelationship between
Capital Investment and Debt Policy
• Provide detailed information regarding the Five
Year Capital Improvement Plan
• Explain the current debt situation of the town;
and
• Recognize the importance of multi -year
planning for capital investment and debt
management
DEFINITION OF CAPITAL PROJECTS
A capital project is a major, non - recurring expenditure
involving one or more of the following:
Acquisition of land for a public purpose;
Construction of, or addition to, a facility such
as a public building, water or sewer lines, play
field, etc.;
Rehabilitation or repair of a building, facility;
provided the cost is $25,000 or more and the
improvement will have a useful life of 10
years or more;
• Purchase of equipment costing $25,000 or
more, with a useful life of 5 years or more (all
cars are defined to be non - capital items);
• Any planning, engineering or design study
related to a specific capital project.
The 1996 Capital Budget Team report identified
"small ticket" capital projects, which are
traditionally paid for with cash (pay -as- you -go
financing), as projects with a useful life of less than
ten years and a cost of under $1,000,000. (See list
of "small ticket capital projects on p.22). This
report further stated that "Cash financing is most
appropriate for projects of reasonable size, for
regularly recurring projects, to match grant funds,
for projects that can be staged to spread out costs,
for projects producing substantial immediate
benefits, and for projects with reasonably short
useful lives."
Article 42 of the 1998 Town Meeting defined a
different concept of renewal capital projects.
Capital renewal projects, which maintain existing
assets, differ from capital improvements that are
new assets or major increases in assets. The
renewal category includes predictable, regularly
occurring and non - controversial maintenance
projects for existing assets that cost between
$25,000 and $1,500,000. Article 42 recommended
that the average annual renewal cost for these core
operating assets be appropriated in a single article
together with an appropriation to a stabilization
fund. This concept has been partially implemented
beginning in 1999, by grouping together routine,
non - school capital renewal funding in a single
article.
The Cash Capital Report
The 1999 Cash Capital Report built on these
concepts to propose a policy framework and five -
year cash capital financing plan. Projects and assets
that are appropriate for general fund cash capital
financing include categories on the next page.
• Routine Town Building Rehab /Renewal
(Envelope and Systems)
• Routine School Building Renewal
• Portable Classrooms
• Design for Large Projects*
• Fire Vehicles and Equipment
• Non - Enterprise DPW Equipment
• Non - Revenue Generating Recreation
Facility Renewal
• New and Upgraded Playfields and
Playgrounds
• Storm Drainage
• Fire Alarm System Upgrade
• Ongoing Street Resurfacing
• Traffic Signal Replacement
• Sidewalks
• New and Replacement Technology
(for Town, Schools, WAN, Library, GIS)
• Unanticipated Opportunities
Assumptions:
To be financed by 5% of General Fund S
* If voters approve a debt exclusion for the
project, design costs will be included as part of
the debt exclusion.
The Cash Capital Committee's recommended
five -year cash capital plan specifically excluded
general fund "big ticket' capital projects which
are proposed to be funded by debt exclusion.
The large backlog of street resurfacing projects
was grouped with other "big ticket' projects for
capital planning purposes. The following list
identifies major anticipated large capital needs.
As of press time for this budget,
recommendations as to timing and sequencing of
these projects have not been made.
Large General Fund Capital Projects
• Elementary Schools Renovation
• Street Reconstruction and Resurfacing
Backlog
• DPW Operations Building
• Intergenerational /Senior Center
• New Elementary School Construction
• Landfill Closure
• Fire Facility Upgrade
• East Lexington Library Renovation
• Land Acquisition
Assumptions: To be financed by Debt
Exclusion if approved by voters. Timing of
projects to be framed by Blue Ribbon
Committee.
Other Potential General Fund Capital Costs
• Unanticipated School Building Needs
• Emergencies - e.g. Natural Disasters
FUNDING OF CAPITAL INVESTMENT
The following funding sources are used to
finance the town's capital investment:
Cash for Immediate Capital Investment
(Cash Capital) —The town regularly
appropriates funds from the general fund and
the enterprise funds to finance short -tern, small
project -based capital investment.
Stabilization Fund —In recent years, the Town
has made use of the policy of appropriating a
small portion cash capital funding to a
stabilization fund. This funding source is then
set aside and used to mitigate the costs of
capital items in future years.
Debt Service —The Town has traditionally
financed large capital projects with debt.
Funding for debt service derives from the
General Fund Tax Levy (either under the
Proposition 2 % levy limit or from a voter
approved debt exclusion — see glossary for
definitions) or from the Enterprise Funds.
Other Sources — The town uses dedicated state
aid and grant funding to finance capital
investment.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OPERATING
BUDGET AND CAPITAL INVESTMENT
The real estate tax levy threshold imposed on
communities in Massachusetts by Proposition 2'' /z
has, for numerous years, required the Town of
Lexington to balance the operating budget by
compromising and postponing its investment in
capital improvement projects. Operating budget
demands for financial resources grew faster than
the revenues available and financial resources
were further strained, leaving little flexibility for
capital investment.
For these reasons, among others, in recent years
the Town of Lexington has been unable to allocate
substantial funding for its capital projects. During
this period of little or no investment, cash capital
needs accumulated rapidly in many neglected
areas. This continuous neglect resulted in assets
prohibitively expensive to maintain and threatened
the provision of services.
Recently, as the resources for capital investment
have been obtained through the implementation of
the 5% cash capital policy, new issues surrounding
the relationship between the operating and capital
budgets have been raised. Having learned from
past years the damage that can be done by
investing heavily in the operating budget to the
detriment of capital, the Town must now look to
those issues that may arise from too ambitious a
capital program. In order to maintain a healthy
capital- operating relationship, the Town is
working to ensure that any capital projects taken
on by the Town have the operating resources
necessary to support them. Specifically, the
technical, manpower and maintenance resources
needed to protect the Town's capital investments
These must be accounted for in the operating
budget in order to maintain long -term investments
made in the Town's infrastructure.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CAPITAL
INVESTMENT AND DEBT POLICY: THE
CASH CAPITAL PLAN
Decision - makers saw the importance of
developing an effective and politically viable
capital investment strategy. In 1999, the Town
Manager recommended that the Town scale back
its issuance of future long -term debt service
obligations and develop instead a cash capital
financing policy that would take advantage of the
projected decrease in existing long -term debt
obligations over the course of the next five years.
The Cash Capital Committee prepared a report for
the Board of Selectmen in 1999. In July of that
same year, the Board of Selectmen conceptually
approved the policy recommended by the Cash
Capital Committee.
Under the newly developed cash capital policy, the
Town would earmark 5% of its general fund
revenues to fund capital investment projects
through the cash capital plan and to pay existing
debt service and issuance costs in fiscal year 2001
and beyond. Initially, most of the 5% dedicated to
capital projects will be needed to pay outstanding
debt service. However, by controlling the issuance
of long term debt, eventually, debt service
payments will decline as annual principal amounts
are repaid. The amount by which debt service on
current outstanding borrowing decreases can be
dedicated to finance cash capital projects. As
annual principal amounts are repaid and debt
service declines, the amount available for cash
capital would increase annually.
The decline of debt service obligations will not
occur immediately and this creates a problem for
cash capital in FY2001 and FY2002. The use of
short -term borrowing has been considered as a
means to alleviate this problem. Short -term
borrowing can be structured to make more funding
available in the early years of the plan, by rolling
over the borrowing and avoiding principal
repayments until FY2004 when permanent debt
service is lower.
FIVE -YEAR CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT
PROGRAM
The five -year Capital Improvement Program
shown on the following pages includes all capital
investment needs identified by departments over
the next five years. The five -year Cash Capital
Plan for the General Fund is a critical element in
this integrated five -year Capital Improvement
Program. The cash capital plan has been
developed within the comprehensive policy
framework adopted by the Board of Selectmen. It
defers many important projects beyond the year
for which funding was originally requested, but
addresses all small capital needs within the context
of the five -year planning period.
A second element in the Capital Improvement
Program is 5 -year capital planning for Enterprise
Funds. The Water and Sewer Enterprise Funds are
financially able to support all capital needs
projected over the five -year planning period. The
Recreation Enterprise Fund is able to fund capital
investment only for revenue producing assets,
such as the golf course and the swimming pool,
while other capital needs are requested from the
General Fund.
The final element is the appropriate planning
mechanism for and the use of debt exclusion for "big
ticket' capital projects. At the time this budget went to
press a plan and schedule for addressing these projects
had not been developed.