HomeMy WebLinkAbout41H-Racial and Gender Profiling 2019
Policy & Procedure Page 1 of 4
Lexington Police
Department
Subject: Bias Based Profiling
Policy Number:
41H Accreditation Standards:
Reference: 1.2.9 Effective Date:
12/1/10
New
Revised
Revision
Dates:
1/24/19
By Order of: Mark J. Corr, Chief of Police
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS AND GUIDELINES
The Municipal Police Institute, Inc. (MPI) is a private, nonprofit charitable affiliate of the
Massachusetts Chiefs of Police Association. MPI provides training and model policies and
procedures for police agencies. This policy is an edited version of MPI Policy 4.10, “Biased
Based Policing.”
The Lexington Police Department is committed to protecting the constitutional and civil
rights of all citizens. Allegations of racial and gender profiling or discriminatory
practices, real or perceived, are detrimental to the relationship between police officers
and the citizens we protect and serve, because it strikes at the foundation of public
trust. Trust is essential to effective community policing. Racial, gender and other types
of profiling are illegal and ineffective methods of law enforcement. Racial profiling
results in increased safety risks to officers and citizens, violates civil rights, is a misuse
of valuable public resources, and may lead to an increased exposure to liability.
The Lexington Police Department does not endorse, train, teach, support or condone
any type of bias, stereotyping or racial and gender profiling by any sworn or civilian
employee. While recognizing that most employees perform their duties in a
professional, ethical and impartial manner, this Department is committed to identifying
and eliminating any instance of unlawful profiling in all areas, including traffic
enforcement, field contact, asset forfeiture and other policing efforts. We will retrain if
appropriate and discipline when necessary. [1.2.9(a)]
The Department is committed to:
• Providing fair and impartial police services consistent with constitutional and
statutory mandates;
• Assuring the highest standard of integrity and ethics among all our members;
• Respecting the diversity and the cultural differences of all people;
• Taking positive steps to identify, prevent, and eliminate any instances of racial or
gender profiling by our members; and
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• Continuing our commitment to community policing and problem solving, including
vigorous, lawful and nondiscriminatory traffic enforcement that promotes public
safety and strengthens public trust, confidence, and awareness.
• Except in “suspect specific incidents,” police employees are prohibited from
considering the race, gender, and national or ethnic origin of members of the
public in deciding to detain a person or stop a motor vehicle and in deciding upon
the scope or substance of any law enforcement action.
It is the policy of the Lexington Police Department that:
Except in “suspect specific incidents,” police officers shall not consider the race,
gender, national or ethnic origin of members of the public in deciding to detain
a person or stop a motor vehicle and in deciding upon the scope or substance
of any law enforcement action. Comm. V. Mercado, 422 Mass. 367 (1996)
states it is permissible to use race as a factor in narrowing the range of suspects
when suspect profiling.
PROCEDURES
A. Definitions
1. Biased Based Policing: The selection of an individual(s) for enforcement
action based solely on a trait common to a group. This includes, but is
not limited to, race, ethnic background, gender, sexual orientation,
religion, economic status, age, cultural group, or any other identifiable
group.i
2. Racial and Gender Profiling: Chapter 228 of the Acts of 2000 includes
the following definition: the practice of detaining or stopping a suspect
based on a broad set of criteria which cast suspicion on an entire class
of people without any individualized suspicion of the particular person
being stopped.
3. Suspect Specific Incident: An incident in which a police department
employee is lawfully attempting to detain, apprehend, or otherwise be on
the lookout for one or more specific suspects who have been identified
or described in part by national or ethnic origin, gender or race.
B. Prevention of Bias Based Profiling
1. Practice Prohibited: Biased based policing, including racial or gender
profiling, is prohibited. [1.2.9(a)]
2. Training [1.2.9(b)]
a. All Department employees engaged in enforcement activities shall
receive training in bias based policing.
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b. Such training shall include:
i. The annual dissemination of this policy to all employees;
ii. After the Agency-Wide Annual review has been completed a roll-
call training shall follow
iii. Instruction in legal aspects of biased base policing; and
iv. Training of supervisory personnel to monitor police conduct to
identify biased based policing and to ensure that employees under
their supervision are carrying out the standards of this policy.
c. Training may be supplemented by utilizing the Municipal Police
Training Committee, the Municipal Police Institute, Inc., or other
certified training programs to help ensure that appropriate
employees receive training on biased based policing.
3. Agency-Wide Annual Review: The Chief of Police or Designee shall:
a. Review and, where appropriate, revise all procedures that involve
the stop, detention, apprehension or search of individuals to
ensure that such procedures are in compliance with the provisions
of the law and this policy;
b. Review all performance recognition and evaluation systems,
training curricula, policies and customs of the Department to
determine if any practice encourages conduct that may support or
lead to biased based policing; and
c. Conduct an annual administrative review of agency practices and
citizen concerns. [1.2.9(d)]
4. Public Education: Educate the public, in conjunction with the Executive
Office of Public Safety and Security, as well as the Registry of Motor
Vehicles, on what to expect when either stopped or detained by a police
officer, as well as police expectations during motor vehicle stops or police
detainment, to ensure both officer and citizen safety.
C. Identification of Profiling: To identify instances of biased based policing, this
Department shall:
1. Utilize appropriate citizen complaint procedures to document and
investigate allegations of profiling or other forms of biased based policing
filed directly with the agency or referred through the Executive Office of
Public Safety and Security; (reference Department policy # 52A –
Internal Affairs: Maintaining Professional Standards)
2. Utilize procedures for the proactive review of performance, complaint and
other employment information to assist supervisors in identifying and
modifying potentially problematic behavior and to promote
professionalism in this Department;
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3. Direct employees to collect data as a result of police-citizen encounters
and subsequent searches in accordance with the protocol established by
the Secretary of Public Safety and Security when deemed appropriate;
and
4. Conduct an agency-wide annual review of employee enforcement
practices and report the findings to the Chief of Police, to include such
data as:
a. Traffic Contacts;
b. Field Contacts;
c. Asset Seizures; and
d. Asset Forfeitures.
5. Where local conditions warrant and the financial and technical resources
are available, the Department will consider whether it may be appropriate
to collect additional data or to engage in analysis beyond that required
by the legislative mandate to meet local community concerns and needs.
D. Enforcement of Profiling Policy [1.2.9(c)]
1. Intentional Acts: Employees discovered to be intentionally engaged in
profiling or other forms of biased based policing shall be addressed
through appropriate disciplinary action.
2. Unintentional Acts: Well-meaning employees who appear to be engaged
in unintentional acts of biased based policing shall receive additional
training, guidance, supervision or review of enforcement activities as
deemed appropriate by the Chief of Police.
3. Institutional Practices: In the event that Department practices are
discovered to promote or allow biased based policing, such practices
shall be addressed through policy review and training.
i Standards for Law Enforcement Agencies, Commission on Accreditation for Law
Enforcement Agencies, 5th Edition, A-2.