HomeMy WebLinkAbout41E-Domestic Violence- 2019
Policy & Procedure Page 1 of 37
Lexington Police
Department
Subject: Domestic Violence
Policy Number:
41E Accreditation Standards:
Reference: 1.2.7 Effective Date:
11/1/10
New
Revised
Revision
Dates:
1/24/19
By Order of: Mark J. Corr, Chief of Police
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS AND GUIDELINES
This policy is established pursuant to Section 14 of Chapter 403 of the Acts of 1990.
Pursuant to Section 15 of Chapter 403 of the Acts of 1990, law enforcement agencies
shall adopt this policy or establish and implement specific operational guidelines
consistent with the provisions of this policy.
Among the most difficult and sensitive calls for police assistance are those involving
domestic violence. Although domestic violence calls are usually responses to a home,
domestic violence can occur at any location and in any setting. When responding to a
domestic disturbance, officers must be both alert and impartial, and must be concerned
with the needs of victims where domestic violence is apparent or alleged. Police are well
aware that situations, which appear minor at first glance, can mask a much more serious
condition.
Appropriate and effective police response to domestic violence calls is the best
mechanism for enhancing victim safety. It is also the means by which police departments
can minimize departmental liability. It is, therefore, imperative that police officers receive
appropriate training in the handling of domestic violence complaints and that police follow
the statutory obligations for action, and implement the guidelines outlined here.
PURPOSE
The Lexington Police Department policy is written to meet or exceed the standards
outlined in the model policy set forth in Section 15 and 14 of Chapter 403 of the acts of
1990 and revised as of January 1, 2009.
The purpose is to establish guidelines for Lexington Police Officers when responding to
domestic violence calls. The primary focus shall be on victim safety, followed closely by
offender accountability; accordingly, a proactive, pro-arrest approach in responding to
domestic violence is a priority. Officers shall be expected to do the following:
• Establish arrest and prosecution as a preferred means of police response to
domestic violence when there is probable cause to believe a crime has occurred;
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• Enhance the safety of victims, their children, and anyone else living in the home;
• Take appropriate action for any violation of permanent, temporary, or emergency
orders of protection;
• Promote the safety of law enforcement personnel responding to incidents of
domestic violence;
• Provide victims or witnesses of domestic violence with support and assistance
through cooperative efforts with community stakeholders in order to prevent further
abuse and harassment. (Community stakeholders are individuals and entities in
the community who work to foster effective intervention in and prevention of
domestic violence. Entities include, but are not limited to, law enforcement
agencies, prosecutors, parole, probation, community based domestic violence and
sexual assault programs, social service agencies, adult and child protective
services, clergy, educators, government agencies, animal welfare organizations,
businesses and employers.); and
• Effect an arrest of the dominant aggressor upon establishment of probable cause
through a thorough investigation.
• Understand that in some instances, where physical violence may be present, the
“aggressor” may have serious mental health impairments (such as Autism
Spectrum Disorders) that may render the “aggressor” incapable of understanding
what [s]he is doing. Involuntary hospitalization or some other reasonable measure
may be taken to insure the safety of all the individuals involved.
DEFINITIONS
A. Abuse: For the purposes of this policy, the term "abuse" is defined by M.G.L. c.
209A, § 1, as the occurrence of one or more of the following acts between family
or household members:
1. Attempting to cause or causing physical harm;
2. Placing another in fear of imminent serious physical harm; or
3. Causing another to engage involuntarily in sexual relations by force, threat
or duress.
B. Family or Household Members: For the purposes of this policy, the term “family
or household member” shall include any of the following:
1. Persons who are or were married to one another;
2. Persons who are or were residing together in the same household;
3. Persons who are or were related by blood or marriage;
4. Persons who have a child in common regardless of whether they have ever
married or lived together; or
5. Persons who are or have been in a substantive dating or engagement
relationship. This includes relationships involving an individual or
individuals who identify as gay, lesbian, bi-sexual or transgender.
C. Licenses: For the purposes of this policy, the term “license”, as defined in M.G.L.
c.140, §§122, 122B, 129B, and 131, shall include all of the following:
1. Class A license to carry firearms;
2. Class B license to carry firearms;
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3. Class C firearms identification card;
4. Class D firearms identification card;
5. License to possess a machine gun;
6. License to sell firearms;
7. License to sell ammunition; or
8. License to perform as a gunsmith.
D. Firearms: For the purposes of this policy, the term “firearm” shall not be limited to
its definition in M.G.L. c.140, §121, but rather shall include any of the following:
1. Firearms;
2. Rifles;
3. Shotguns;
4. Machine guns;
5. Ammunition;
6. High capacity feeding devices; or
7. Antique firearms.
E. Probable Cause: Is based on an officer’s observations and statements made by
parties involved and witnesses (if any). The officer using reasonable judgment
believes a crime did occur and the person to be arrested committed the crime. The
probable cause standard for domestic violence is the same for all other crimes.
LEGAL MANDATES
A. Civil Liability
According to M.G.L. c. 209A, § 6: "No law officer shall be held liable in any civil
action regarding personal injury or injury to property brought by any party to a
domestic violence incident for an arrest based on probable cause when such
officer acted reasonably and in good faith and in compliance with this chapter and
the statewide policy as established by the Secretary of Public Safety."
B. Procedures/Chapter 209A
The provisions of M.G.L. c. 209A impose specific responsibilities upon the police
in regard to a domestic abuse situation. All officers are expected to be thoroughly
familiar with the contents of this statute (as amended and construed by case law)
and to act with appropriate discretion and competence in carrying out its
provisions.
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SUPERVISORY RESPONSIBILITES
A. The Captain of Operations, or a designee, will inspect patrol operations for
adherence to domestic violence guidelines.
1. Any allegation of domestic violence, including the issuance of a 209A order,
against a member of the Lexington Police Department will be immediately
brought to the attention of the Chief of Police, Captain, or a designee.
2. The Captain, or designee, will investigate the circumstances of the incident
and update the Chief of Police as soon as possible.
B. The Commanding Officer on-duty will be primarily responsible for patrol response
to domestic disputes. The timeliness of dispatched services, the police response,
and how the incident was documented should be reviewed. When available, the
Patrol Supervisor should respond to the scene to assist.
C. Under the direction of the Detective Bureau Commander, one detective will be
specifically assigned to family services. This detective will be available to:
1. Assist with follow-up investigations;
2. Serve as a liaison with other social services;
3. Provide resource information for shelters, legal services, and other benefits
that may be available.
4. Coordinate training of police officers, municipal employees and the
community.
5. Tabulate statistical data on domestic violence.
RESPONDING TO THE SCENE
A. Dispatch Response
1. The likelihood of injury associated with domestic violence situations requires
that officers immediately proceed to the place of the dispute.
a. Whenever possible, two officers and a patrol supervisor should be
dispatched to the scene.
b. Call takers should do the following:
i. Assign a priority response to all domestic violence calls,
whether or not the assailant is known to be on the premises,
including those calls that involve or appear to involve a police
officer of any department;
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ii. Immediately notify a supervisor of any domestic violence call;
iii. Preserve and document the facts and circumstances of each
call, for use in potential administrative and criminal
investigations;
iv. Maintain current contact information of local domestic violence
victim advocacy organizations for responding officers to
provide to victims;
v. Attempt to elicit any and all information from the caller that
may help the responding and investigating officers assess the
situation, including any of the following:
(a) Immediate safety of the caller, the victim, and others at
the scene;
(b) Nature of the incident (verbal or physical), nature of
injuries, and whether violence is ongoing;
(c) The type of weapons that are involved, or present, if
applicable;
(d) Hazards to responders, if any, including animals;
(e) Whether the caller or alleged assailant is under the
influence of alcohol or drugs, or if there are mental
health issues;
(f) Caller’s and alleged assailant’s description;
(g) Presence or absence of the alleged assailant, and
direction and mode of travel, if applicable;
(h) Other people involved or witnesses at the scene,
including children;
(i) Alleged assailant’s criminal history (B.O.P. check);
(j) Number of times the Department has been called to
this scene because of this suspect;
(k) Existence of a protection order currently on file against
the suspect or caller (check B.O.P.);
(l) Outstanding warrants against the caller or alleged
assailant if any exist (check CJIS and Warrant
Management System);
vi. Inform the caller that units are being dispatched to assist.
vii. Keep the caller on the telephone if the caller is a victim or
witness to a domestic violence incident in progress, only if
safe to do so, in order to relay ongoing information provided
by the caller to the responding officers.
viii. Make the safety of domestic violence victims the primary
concern. Address threats of violence, whether immediate or
remote, by working with the victim to focus on ways to
enhance safety, such as waiting for officers at another
location or leaving the location if the suspect returns.
ix. Keep in mind that the caller could be the victim or assailant;
and
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x. Do not cancel the original call for service if a subsequent
request to cancel the original call is received. Advise the
responding officers of the second call and instruct them to
continue to respond, investigate, and assess the situation to
ensure that all parties are safe.
xi. Check to see if any firearms identification cards and/or licenses
to carry have been issued to resident(s) at that location.
B. Police Response-Probable Cause Standard
Police officers should keep in mind that the same standard for probable cause
applies to domestic violence offenses as for any other crime. See, Section VII,
Arrest Guidelines.
C. Police Response- Initial Observations
Upon arrival, responding officers should approach the scene with a high degree of
caution. Upon approach, officers should make observations of the scene, and
listen for sounds or evidence of a disturbance. Observations should be
documented in the incident report. See Section VI.C. Information Documentation,
and Section XIV. I. Incident Reports.
D. Police Response-Entering a Private Premise
When investigating a report of domestic violence, officers should be thorough and
observe the following guidelines:
1. Officers may enter private premises without a warrant in the following
circumstances:
a. At the request of someone who apparently exercises lawful control
of the premises;
b. Where there is imminent danger of violence that could result in death
or serious physical injury;
c. Where a breach of the peace has been committed in an officer's
presence; or
d. When a police officer has probable cause to believe a felony has
occurred and is in fresh pursuit of the fleeing felon.
2. "Private premises" shall include but not be limited to, a house, an apartment,
a condominium, a hotel room, a mobile home, a dormitory room or a house
trailer.
3. Officers shall remain on the scene where the abuse occurred or was in
danger of occurring as long as the officers have reason to believe that at
least one of the parties involved would be in immediate physical danger
without the presence of an officer.
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4. Officers should always consider the requirements of the Fourth
Amendment when considering entering any premise. Officers need
consent, exigency or a warrant to enter a private premise.
E. Police Response-Officer’s Demeanor
The responding officers should maintain a professional and calm attitude upon
initial contact.
1. The officers should state their reason for being present.
a. Do not neglect to include children when explaining officers’
presence, particularly if an arrest is being made.
i. Tell the children that what happened prior to the officers’ arrival
is not their fault.
ii. If a child called 911, tell him/her that he/she did the right thing
and that the officers are there to help the family.
b. If the family does not speak English, when possible, DO NOT use
the children as interpreters. This could prove dangerous to the
child and adult victim. Officers can call QWEST, a multilingual
communications network for use by police department at 888-892-
2850 for interpretive language services 24 hours a day.
2. Officers should strive to be considerate and attentive toward all parties
and their concerns. Officers shall maintain a professional and objective
demeanor throughout their investigation.
3. Upon entering, officers shall prevent the physical movement of the parties
as much as possible and control their access to any potential weapons.
4. Persons who are under the influence of drugs or alcohol, or who suffer
from mental illness, might pose a safety risk to themselves or others at the
scene. Special precautions may need to be taken in these circumstances.
5. Mental health conditions such as Autistic Spectrum Disorders may require
officers to change the way they conduct themselves at the scene. While
keeping the safety of all persons at the scene the highest priority, officers
may need to eliminate or avoid sensory triggers (e.g. loud noise, bright or
flashing lights, touching). Officers should ask and follow directions that
may diffuse, deescalate or otherwise make the scene manageable.
F. Police Response-Officers’ Roles at the Scene
The responding officers must take immediate control of the situation and should
separate the parties to prevent any further violent action. The parties should be
interviewed independently. However, if there are two officers present at the scene,
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they should, if practical, remain within view of each other to enhance officer safety
and to avoid any subsequent action. Throughout the investigation the officers
should allow each party to present his or her story individually, avoiding any
unnecessary interruptions by the other party. Separating the parties also allows
each to relate matters to an officer without being overheard, influenced or
intimidated by the other party. Officers should determine whether interpretative
language services are needed and should seek out such services where available.
See Section V.E.1.b.
G. Police Response-Instances involving serious injury
In cases of serious injury, the preferred method of transportation is via ambulance.
Officers are authorized by M.G.L. c. 209A, § 6, to transport victims of domestic
violence to the emergency room of the nearest hospital, or to arrange for
appropriate transportation to a health care facility. Officers should receive approval
from their supervisor prior to transporting a victim of domestic abuse in a cruiser,
except in an emergency. If the victim is not seriously injured, or declines
transportation, the victim may then seek transportation through his or her own
means.
INVESTIGATION
Officers responding to domestic violence calls should ensure thorough investigations.
A. Interviewing Witnesses
Attempt to identify and interview the party who called the police, neighbors, and
other potential witnesses. All parties present and involved should be documented
in the incident report. It is not unusual for some witnesses to be unsupportive of
the victim. Do not tell the suspect who called the police. See XIV section I,
Incident Reports.
B. Information from the Scene
Attempt to obtain the following information at the scene. If that is not possible,
obtain the information during the follow-up investigation.
1. Determine the relationships of all parties, including children, at the scene.
If children are not immediately observed, ask if there are children present in
the household. If children are present, record their names and dates of
birth.
a. Check on the children to ascertain whether or not they have
sustained injury.
b. Some children believe that police officers are not allies. If
children are present, one officer should talk to the children to
inform them of the officers’ intentions to keep the family safe, that
the officers are there to help, and that the violence is not the
children’s fault.
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c. If a child is to be interviewed as a witness to the incident, the
officer should consider the child’s physical, emotional or
psychological ability to give a statement; the child’s age and
ability to understand questions and formulate responses; and the
likelihood the child’s safety will be compromised by disclosing
what he/she witnessed.
2. Obtain phone numbers where the victim can be reached. These may
include a cell phone number, a daytime phone number, or the number of a
close relative or friend. Include these numbers in the incident report so the
bail commissioner or court personnel may inform the victim of the abuser's
release on bail. Inform the victim that if she or he intends to leave the
residence, and wishes to be informed of the abuser’s release, he or she
must inform the police department of a number where he or she may be
reached, or where a message may be left safely.
3. Obtain information about the suspect's ownership of, presence of, or access
to firearms, and their location.
4. Officers should gather information regarding suspect’s past
behavior/dangerousness. This information should be documented in the
incident report and provided to the Bail Commissioner in determination of
bail and to the Prosecutor for use at arraignment. Therefore, gather
information regarding the suspect’s:
• Criminal history;
• History of abusing the current victim;
• History of abusing other victims;
• History of non-fatal strangulation;
• History of forced sex;
• History of extreme possessiveness or jealousy;
• Possession of weapons;
• History of use of/or threats with a weapon;
• Use of weapons in prior abuse of the victim;
• Past threats against or abuse of pets;
• Past attempts or threats to kill;
• Past attempts or threats to commit suicide; and
• Current or past vacate, restraining, no-contact or other protective
orders, including those held against the suspect by someone
other than this victim.
Domestic Violence Advocacy. The Lexington Police Department will
continue an affiliation with victim/witness advocacy groups. Phone numbers
and when a victim can be safely contacted are critical pieces of information
for an Advocate to follow-up. Accuracy is vital. Imagine how problematic
the situation can become if an advocate is misdirected to a violent offender,
instead of the victim. It’s has happened.
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5. After ascertaining past reported and non-reported criminal history, seek
appropriate criminal action for current and prior incidents. Refer victims to
appropriate resources listed in Attachment 3
C. Information Documentation
Properly document information such as spontaneous utterances (direct quotes) by
the victim, the suspect, children, and other witnesses. In collecting evidence of
domestic abuse, law enforcement officers are strongly encouraged to use
photographs to document injuries sustained by the victim and the condition of the
crime scene. Contemporaneous records of injuries and crime scene condition are
critical to the prosecution of alleged abusers.
1. When documenting the scene photographically, officers are reminded to
take both close-up and full scene pictures. Follow-up photographs of
injuries should be taken 2-3 days after the incident to document progression
of injuries.
2. Collect physical evidence (including weapons used, even if it is a simple
household item) and document collection in the incident report.
ARREST GUIDELINES
A. The Decision to Arrest
1. The safety of the victim, children and other family members shall be
paramount in any decision to arrest.
2. As in other types of criminal investigations, uncorroborated statements by a
victim can constitute probable cause that the crime occurred.
3. The decision to arrest must be based on whether probable cause exists that
the crime occurred, not on whether or not the victim wishes to seek
complaints or wishes to testify at a future date.
4. Substance Abuse / Mental Health Issues:
a. When assessing credibility in order to establish probable cause,
officers should remember that a victim who is under the influence of
drugs or alcohol, or who suffers from mental illness, is not an
inherently unreliable witness.
b. An abuser who is under the influence of drugs or alcohol, or who
suffers from certain mental illnesses, may pose a greater risk to the
safety of the officer, the victim, children, bystanders, and him/herself.
Officers should also remember that it is not unusual for an abuser to
display a calm demeanor following any domestic violence incident.
c. Some mental health issues, such as Autistic Spectrum Disorders,
may present themselves very differently. Some individuals may be
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high functioning and fully aware of their misconduct while others may
have the intellect of a very small child.
5. Officers should be mindful that the victim has just been traumatized and
may appear agitated, confused, numb, anxious, tearful or afraid. The victim
may tell officers that he/she is to blame for the incident and will try to take
responsibility for the incident. It is important to determine the dominant
aggressor. The dominant aggressor is not who struck first, but who has a
pattern of domination and control. See Section 3.3.D, Dual
arrests/dominant aggressor.
B. Arrest: Mandatory or Preferred [1.2.7]
An officer’s authority to arrest is set forth in M.G.L. c. 209A, § 6(7).
1. Shall arrest on violation of protective order. In the interest of immediacy,
and the statutory mandate to arrest, officers shall make a warrantless arrest
of any person the officers witness or have probable cause to believe has
violated an emergency, temporary or permanent vacate, refrain from abuse,
stay away or no-contact order or judgment, a suspension and surrender
order, or protection order issued by any jurisdiction.
2. Arrest preferred in absence of protective order. When there are no
refrain from abuse, vacate, stay-away or no-contact orders or judgments in
effect, arrest shall be the preferred response whenever officers witness or
have probable cause to believe that a person:
a. Has committed a felony; or
b. Has committed a misdemeanor involving abuse, as defined in M.G.L.
c. 209A; or
c. Has committed an assault and battery or permits another to commit
an assault and battery upon an elder or a person with a disability in
violation of M.G.L. c. 265, § 13K.
3. If, in rare situations, a severe mental health disorder is present, the arrest
and subsequent detention of the aggressor may significantly endanger
officers involved in the detention or the person being detained. Involuntary
hospitalization may be the best option in these situations.
C. If the Suspect has fled the Scene
When probable cause to arrest exists, and the suspect has fled the scene:
1. As soon as possible, information about the incident should be made known
to other officers and surrounding jurisdictions (see Department policy #81A-
Communications Center).
2. Other police departments should be asked to effect an arrest of the suspect
if located in their jurisdiction and if the roles are reversed, Lexington will
attempt to locate and place under arrest a suspect wanted by another police
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department (see Department policy #41A- Arrest (with or without
warrant)).
3. An attempt to make a warrantless arrest within a reasonable period of time
should be made. However, as soon as is practical, the investigating police
department should seek an arrest warrant from the appropriate court, in
cases involving abuse as defined under M.G.L. chapter 209A (see
Department policy #41 Arrest (with or without warrant).
4. When probable cause exists to believe a crime involving abuse occurred, it
is not proper procedure to advise a victim to seek complaint applications
on his or her own.
D. Dual Arrests/Dominant Aggressor
Dual arrests, like the issuance of mutual restraining orders, are strongly
discouraged because they trivialize the seriousness of domestic abuse and
increase the danger to victims.
1. Officers should attempt to identify the dominant aggressor, and take action
based on that determination. In a majority of cases, an effective
investigation will reveal the dominant aggressor. See sections VI 2 d & e,
regarding past behavior/dangerousness.
2. Officers should be aware of the difference between offensive and self-
defensive injuries. Self-defense of reasonable force may be used by any
person in resisting or aiding another to resist an offense against the person.
The use of force must be reasonable for that person given the nature of the
threat and, if warranted under the circumstances, may include the use of
weapons. If one of the persons acted entirely in self-defense, the situation
should be treated as if there was a single offender.
3. If the officers determine that neither party acted in self-defense and that both
parties have committed an act of domestic abuse, then the officers should
determine who the dominant aggressor is and take action considering the
totality of the circumstances including:
a. The relative severity of injuries and fear inflicted in this incident;
b. The relative use of force and intimidation in this incident;
c. Information available to the officers regarding prior incidents involving
either party; or
d. The likelihood of either party to commit domestic violence in the near
future.
4. Any officer arresting both parties is required by law to submit a separate
detailed, written report, in addition to an incident report, setting forth the
grounds for dual arrest.
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5. Officers investigating an incident of domestic violence shall not threaten,
suggest, or otherwise indicate the arrest of all parties for the purpose of
discouraging requests for law enforcement intervention by any party.
E. Substantive Dating Relationships
1. Officers will gather information to determine whether or not a substantive
dating relationship exists. Officers will examine the same factors which the
courts review when making this determination:
a. The length of time of the relationship;
b. The type of relationship;
c. The frequency of interaction between the parties; and
d. If the relationship has been terminated by either person, the length of
time that has elapsed since the termination of the relationship.
2. If the officer determines that a "substantive dating relationship" exists or did
exist, then the officer shall take the proper action, including arrest when
appropriate, regardless of whether the victim seeks a restraining order.
3. Even in cases where there is no substantive dating relationship, a crime,
such as stalking or criminal harassment, may have been committed.
F. Arrest of a Caretaker
1. In cases involving abuse of a child, an elder, a patient or resident of a long
term care facility or a person with a disability, officers must address the
issue of whether or not the victim can be left alone safely, if the abuser is
arrested.
2. If the child, the elder or the person with a disability cannot be left alone, the
appropriate agency must be contacted, in order to arrange for temporary
care. When a caretaker is arrested and an agency is called for temporary
care, the officer shall explain to the child, elder or person with disability what
is happening and the reasons for calling the protective agency. The
following are the appropriate agency contacts:
a. Children -- Department of Children and Families (DCF)
Hotline 1-781-641-8500
b. Disabled – Disabled Persons Protection Commission (DPPC)
Hotline 1-800-426-9009
c. Elder – Department of Elder Affairs
Hotline 1-800-922-2275
e. Patient or Resident of a Long Term Care Facility –Department of
Public Health - Division of Health Care Quality
617-753-8000 www.mass.gov/dph/dhcq
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G. Out-of-State Orders or Violations
1. A protective order issued in another jurisdiction (as defined in M.G.L. c.
209A, § 1) shall be given full faith and credit in the Commonwealth. A
responding officer shall serve and enforce the terms and conditions of an
out-of-state protective order as written by the issuing jurisdiction.
2. Officers shall make a warrantless arrest of any person the officer witnesses
or has probable cause to believe has violated an emergency, temporary or
permanent vacate, refrain from abuse, stay away, or no-contact order or
judgment issued by another jurisdiction.
3. In assessing probable cause, an officer may presume the validity of the
protection order issued by another jurisdiction when the officer has been
provided with:
a. A copy of the order, by any source; and
b. A statement by the victim that such order remains in effect.
4. An order of protection is presumed valid if it gives the names of the parties
involved, contains the date the order was issued, has not expired, and
specifies the terms and conditions set against the abuser, contains the
name of the issuing court and is signed by the issuing authority.
5. Violations of out-of-state orders or Massachusetts orders violated in another
state may be charged criminally as contempt of court (M.G.L. c. 220, §14),
in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
FINGERPRINTING AND PHOTOGRAPHING OF DEFENDANTS
A. Whenever resources allow, officers shall take fingerprints and photographs of all
criminal defendants in domestic violence cases. These records should be
forwarded to the State Police for entry into the Automated Fingerprint Identification
System (AFIS) system. This will greatly improve prosecution of crimes such as
breaking and entering and stalking.
B. When any defendant is arrested and charged with a felony, copies of fingerprints
shall be forwarded to the colonel of state police. M.G.L. c. 263, § 1A.
SERVICE OF ORDERS
A. In-Hand Service
Service of orders shall be made in hand unless otherwise ordered by the court.
Chapter 209A, § 7, requires that "the law enforcement agency shall promptly make
its return of service to the court."
1. Orders shall be served promptly upon receipt. If service is initially
unsuccessful, the department will continue to attempt service until it is
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completed. Service of orders will not be delayed in order to forward service
by a specialized officer or unit. If an officer is unable to make service after
numerous attempts, the officer should document in detail the service
attempts on the “return of service” form and request the court to allow
service by leaving a copy of the order at the last known address of the
defendant.
2. Service of orders may compromise victim safety. Victim safety should be
considered in the timing of the service of the order. Officers should
encourage the victim to contact an advocate (either through the D.A.'s
Office, SAFEPLAN or the local domestic violence program) in order to
develop a safety plan around the service of the order.
B. Record of Service
All attempts at service will be documented with a journal note.
C. Return of Service
1. All returns of service, including service of Emergency Orders, must be sent
to the court.
2. When a return of service is completed it will be placed in the court tray in
the CO’s office for return to the appropriate issuing court. The Prosecutor
will enter return by hand, fax or US mail to issuing court.
D. Plaintiff Bringing Orders to the Department
When a plaintiff brings an order to the Department for service, officers should
ensure that the Department's responsibilities under M.G.L. c. 209A and these
guidelines are met. Take time to confirm the name, date of birth, and address of
all persons named on the order. Often, this is the only opportunity to fully identify
the plaintiff in order to accurately record the protective order in the computer
system.
E. Firearms
Upon service of the order, police shall immediately take possession of all firearms,
rifles, shotguns, ammunition and firearm licenses (ID’s/LTC’s) in the control,
ownership, or possession of the defendant. The license-issuing authority shall be
contacted and informed of the action taken and police reports regarding the
incident forwarded to it. Such firearms and licenses shall not be returned until the
Abuse Prevention Order has been completely vacated or the firearms provision
has been modified by order of the court. M.G.L. c. 140, §§ 129B, 131.
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PROPERTY
A. The relationship of the parties and their property interests complicate domestic
violence situations.
B. Removing or Destroying Property
When a person is accused of removing or attempting to remove property from the
dwelling or is accused of damaging or destroying property, the officer should
investigate to determine the civil or criminal consequences, and if criminal, take
appropriate action (for example, malicious destruction of property).
C. Vacate Orders and Court Orders to Retrieve Belongings
1. Once a vacate order, no contact, stay away or refrain from abuse order is
issued, officers should not accompany a defendant to the property for any
reason without specific judicial authorization.
2. The defendant in the vacate order is allowed to retrieve his or her
belongings under the following conditions:
a. The defendant must have a court order allowing for the retrieval.
b. The police must accompany the defendant. Officers shall remain with
the defendant throughout the process.
c. The victim must have prior notice by the Department, and must agree
to the timing of the retrieval.
d. The defendant must not be allowed to use this as a means of harassing
the victim.
e. The defendant may retrieve personal property including clothing,
shoes, personal care items etc. If the defendant is attempting to
collect any other items, including furniture or electronic equipment
that is in dispute the defendant should be referred to issuing court or
the Probate and Family Court for settlement of shared property.
3. When a court order exists allowing for a victim to return to the defendant's
residence in order to retrieve his or her belongings, the police shall
accompany the victim to ensure the order is executed, and that the victim is
able to follow the order free from harassment or abuse by the defendant.
D. Detail Request for the Retrieval of Personal Items
Often times a defendant is able to retrieve personal property in a reasonable
amount of time with minor impact on department staffing levels. If recovering
property is expected to take an extended amount of time the subject retrieving the
items will be directed on the procedure of ordering a detail officer to obtain these
items.
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ALLEGATIONS AGAINST LAW ENFORCEMENT PERSONNEL
Police departments must recognize that the law enforcement personnel, whether sworn
or civilian, are not immune from committing domestic violence against their intimate
partners or being victims of domestic violence. Although no person is exempt, whatever
his or her occupation, from the consequences of his or her actions that result in a violation
of M.G.L. c. 208, 209, 209A, 209C and/or Superior Court injunctions, the dynamics
between the responding and accused officers have the potential for making on-scene
decisions additionally difficult. The following incident and response protocols are critical
components to the integrity of the law enforcement profession and the trust of the
community when responding to a domestic situation. The following procedures apply
to incidents that occur in Lexington’s jurisdiction.
A. Dispatcher Response
1. The dispatcher shall assign a high priority to all domestic violence calls
including those that involve sworn officers and civilian personnel.
2. The dispatcher shall document all calls or reports of incidents of domestic
violence including those involving sworn officers or civilian personnel.
3. The dispatcher shall dispatch appropriate police personnel including the
on-duty patrol supervisor
4. The dispatcher shall immediately notify the on-duty commanding officer of
all domestic violence calls, involving officers.
B. Patrol Officers Response
1. The responding officers shall take immediate action to ensure the safety of
the victim and all parties present.
2. The responding officers shall proceed with an investigation in accordance
with M.G.L. c.208, 209, 209A, 209C, M.G.L. c. 140, § 29B, court orders and
Department policy, procedures, rules and regulations.
3. The responding officers shall request a supervisor of higher rank than the
officer involved respond to the scene.
4. The responding officers will remain on the scene until relieved by the
responding supervisor.
5. The responding officers shall document in a report their actions and
complete such report prior to the end of their tour of duty.
C. On-Scene Supervisor’s Response
1. Proceed to the scene of the incident and conduct an investigation.
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2. Assess the actual and potential harm to the victim, children, and others
present, and ensure their safety.
3. Upon investigation, if the responding supervisor has reasonable cause to
believe that there is evidence of physical abuse or that the threat of physical
abuse exists, and the abuser is a sworn member of the Lexington Police
Department, the responding supervisor shall seize and take into custody,
all Department-issued firearms, licenses and equipment in possession of
the officer. In addition the responding supervisor shall request the officer
surrender all personally owned firearms and licenses.
4. The responding supervisor shall ensure a check of the Firearms database
is made.
5. If the suspected officer does not have his or her Department-issued firearm
on his or her person or under his or her control at the time of the incident,
the responding supervisor shall ascertain its location and take steps to
secure it, in addition to taking custody of any licenses and other weapons.
6. Ensure enforcement of M.G.L. c. 208, 209, 209A, 209C, M.G.L. c.140, §
29B, court orders and Department policy and procedure, rules and
regulations.
7. The supervisor will ensure a check of the LEAPS database to determine if
there are outstanding abuse prevention / restraining orders and or warrants
in effect against the officer involved.
8. The supervisor shall supplement the officer’s initial report detailing his/her
assessment of the incident and action taken before the end of the
supervisor’s tour of duty.
D. On-Duty Commanding Officer’s Responsibilities
1. The Commanding Officer in charge at the time of the initial investigation,
upon being notified of a domestic violence incident involving a sworn officer
shall ensure that a road supervisor (or other available ranking officer) has
responded to the scene and commenced an investigation.
2. Ensure the safety of the victim, children or others present at the scene.
3. Ensure enforcement of all provisions of M.G.L. c.208, 209, 209A, 209C,
M.G.L. c.140, § 29B, court orders, Department policy, procedures, rules and
regulations.
4. Ensure reports and proper documentation of the facts and circumstances
of the incident and the action taken are submitted through the proper
channels in accordance with Department procedures.
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5. Immediately notify the Chief of Police, Captain of Operations or their
designee.
E. Lexington Personnel
1. Employee as Defendant. Whenever any member of this Department is
named as a defendant in an abuse prevention order from any jurisdiction,
[s]he will as soon as possible speak with, in order of availability, the Captain
of Operations, the Captain of Administration, the Detective Bureau
Commander, or the Commanding Officer on-duty. A phone message or
voice mail is not acceptable.
a. The employee should be prepared to give full details of the court
order and, if possible, the circumstances that resulted in the issuance
of the order.
b. The employee should give contact numbers where [s]he can be
reached when a decision is made about his or her work status.
c. If the employee involved is a Captain, then the Chief of Police will be
contacted directly. The Chief will notify the Town Manager as
needed.
2. Supervisory Action. The supervisor receiving the notice will contact the
Chief of Police, or a designee. Depending on the requirements of the court
order (i.e. no contact, no abuse, stay away, temporary vs. permanent,
surrender of firearms), the Department may take one or more of the
following actions:
a. Permit employee to report to work, with or without restrictions;
b. Place employee on leave (which may include requiring employee to
take accrued leave);
c. Place employee on suspension pending an internal investigation;
d. Order employee to surrender equipment, which may include firearms,
ammunition, and keys to the facility;
e. Order employee to stay away from the police station; and/or
f. Any similar actions that will protect the employee and others.
3. Firearms. Officers who, by court order, may not carry a firearm will not be
returned to full-duty.
a. An officer will only be allowed to carry a firearm during work hours
when permitted by court order or stipulation. In these instances, a
firearm will be kept in the Commanding Officer’s gun locker. It will
be signed out at the beginning of the duty shift, and signed in at the
end of the duty shift. This will be witnessed by the Commanding
Officer.
b. An officer under this restriction should not be given assignments that
take him/her outside Lexington’s jurisdiction. The officer will not be
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permitted to perform extra duties assignments, such as attending
court or working details, with a firearm.
4. Lexington Officer Arrested Outside Lexington. If notified that a sworn
Lexington Officer has been arrested in another jurisdiction, the Lexington
Police Department will immediately initiate an internal affairs investigation.
A supervisor may be assigned to obtain all available reports as soon as
possible from the arresting agency, attend court hearings, and otherwise
thoroughly conduct the administrative investigation.
F. Incidents within Lexington, involving an officer from another community.
1. There are no exceptions written within the law or this policy when a law
enforcement officer is involved in domestic violence.
2. When a non-Lexington officer is involved as a defendant (including arrest,
summons or restraining order situations), the Commanding Officer on-duty
will contact the officer’s employer. The Commanding Officer will inquire of
that agency’s protocol for receiving these notices and report accordingly. If
there is no protocol, the Commanding Officer (or an equivalent position)
should be given notice of the incident. As needed, a follow-up contact will
be made with the Chief Executive Officer of the agency.
3. The confidentiality of domestic reports will not be compromised because a
police officer is involved. The Chief of Police or a designee must approve
the release of all reports.
G. Employees Encouraged to Seek Assistance Early. Every week, officers observe
the breakdown of relationships and the emotional problems that most people
experience in these situations. Police Department employees are not immune
from these types of domestic difficulties. However, if a real or perceived
breakdown of a domestic relationship results in domestic violence or the issuance
of an abuse prevention order, a police officer risks losing his/her job as a result of
the incident. Employees who are experiencing problems are encouraged to:
1. Contact the Employee Assistance Program (EAP) offered by the Town of
Lexington. This is a confidential service that can provide counseling and
related services.
2. Speak with a supervisor who can provide coaching or guidance.
3. Speak with a peer, a member of the clergy, a primary care physician or
other individual who can provide assistance in getting through a difficult
personal experience.
H. Additional Considerations
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1. In the event that the reported incident involves the Chief, the Captain or his
designee shall notify the Town Manager.
2. In responding to an incident where the victim is a police officer, standard
domestic violence response and investigation procedures shall be followed.
3. In responding to domestic violence incidents where the parties involved are
both police officers, standard domestic violence procedures shall be
followed. After probable cause and dominant aggressor determinations are
made, an arrest should be made and all service weapons of the accused
officer confiscated.
4. The Chief of Police, when a pattern of abusive behavior is detected, may
issue a lawful order directing an employee to refrain from conduct that
violates law and/or written rules of conduct as a condition of employment.
CONFIDENTIALITY OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE PROGRAM LOCATIONS
The location and street address of all domestic violence programs are absolutely
confidential and shall not be required to be revealed in any criminal or civil proceeding.
See M.G.L. c. 233, § 20L. For the purposes of this provision, a domestic violence program
is defined as any refuge, shelter, office, safe home, institution, or center established for
the purpose of offering assistance to victims of abuse through crisis intervention, medical,
legal or support counseling. See M.G.L. c. 233, § 20K. If a report is made at a domestic
violence program, the incident occurred at that program or an officer transported
someone to a program, the officer shall not include this address in the incident report.
Under no circumstances should a law enforcement officer release information to the
public or otherwise regarding the location of a domestic violence program. Dispatchers
and Commanding Officers shall enter into the “Geo-Code” field of any domestic related
journal note “A1 ”. This will prevent the journal note from printing on a public log.
POLICE CONSIDERATIONS
When responding to domestic violence incidents officers should be aware of, and
consider the additional layers of control and oppression that victims may experience,
including, but not limited to the following:
• Immigration status;
• Language skills including English as a second language;
• Cultural identity;
• Physical limitations and disabilities; and
• Sexual orientation and gender identity.
These victims may have fear of police, and may present angrily or as abusers
themselves. It is important to be aware of any biases. Statewide resources for these,
and other special populations, can be found in Appendix 3.
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THE OFFICERS RESPONSIBILITY AT THE SCENE
Whenever any officer has reason to believe that a family or household member has been
abused, or is in danger of being abused, such officer shall use all reasonable means to
prevent further abuse. The officer shall take but not be limited to, the following action:
A. Remain on the Scene
As long as the officer has reason to believe that at least one of the parties involved
would be in immediate physical danger without the presence of an officer, that
officer should remain at the scene where the abuse occurred or was (or is) in
danger of occurring for a reasonable period of time to prevent abuse. If the suspect
has fled the scene, a reasonable period is the amount of time necessary:
1. To assess that the suspect has left the scene, and
2. To carry out the responsibilities outlined in Sections XIV B, E, H and K.
B. Medical Treatment
When necessary, the ambulance will be requested for on-scene medical attention
and, if needed, transportation to the hospital. M.G.L. chapter 209A, section 6
authorizes the transport of domestic victims by police officers but this is not
recommended when an ambulance is available.
C. Getting to a Safe Place
Assist the victim and dependent children in locating and getting to a safe place,
including but not limited to a designated meeting place for entry into emergency
shelter or a family member's or friend's residence (or a similar place of safety).
The officer shall consider the victim's preference in this regard and what is
reasonable under all the circumstances.
D. Notice of Rights
Give abuse victims immediate and adequate notice of rights by handing to them
and reading a form stating their rights (see attachment 1). Where the person's
native language is not English, the statement shall be provided in the person's
native language whenever possible.
Confidentiality of Abuse Prevention Order provisions: a plaintiff’s residential
address and workplace address shall appear on the court order and be accessible
to the defendant unless the plaintiff specifically requests that this information be
withheld from the order. See M.G.L. c. 209A, § 8. Police officers helping to issue
emergency abuse prevention orders must be cognizant of victims’ confidentiality
rights and requests.
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E. Activating the Emergency Judicial Response System (EJR)
Assist the victim by activating the Emergency Judicial Response System when a
judge is not available through court. This should be done even when the alleged
abuser has been arrested.
NOTE: If a victim is unable to appear in court because of severe hardship due to
the victim's physical condition, officers can seek an order by contacting the court.
A representative may appear in court on behalf of the victim to seek an emergency
or temporary order. Officers shall advise these victims that a representative may
appear on their behalf.
F. Arrest when Appropriate
Decisions to arrest will be based on whether or not probable cause and the
authority to arrest exist, not on whether or not the victim agrees to the action, or to
testify at a future date. See Section VII, Arrest Guidelines.
G. Bail
NO OUT-OF-COURT BAIL ON DOMESTIC VIOLENCE CASES FOR SIX
HOURS. The law prohibits the out-of-court release of a defendant arrested for any
criminal act constituting domestic violence abuse until six hours after the time of
arrest. Judges continue to have the authority to set bail in open court during these
six hours.
H. Referrals
Domestic Violence Service Network (DVSN) is a diverse group of committed
community agencies working together to provide advocacy, intervention and
support to families affected by domestic violence. The DVSN will seek to prevent
domestic violence through education, training and community support.
1. Officers will give to the victim of each domestic related incident a DVSN
flyer. This flyer has the “Notice of Rights” which must be given to each
victim of domestic violence.
2. A DVSN advocate will attempt to contact every victim within 48 hours of the
incident unless the victim insists that they not be contacted.
3. Officers should obtain from the victim a phone number where they can be
reached safely during this time frame. This information should be made
part of the incident record for review by Commanding Officers.
4. The DVSN contact numbers will be posted in the Commanding Officer’s
room and an advocate will call on a routine basis to inquire about any new
domestic incidents.
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I. Incident Reports
1. Incident reports will be filed whether or not an arrest is made. They will be
made available to the victim at no cost, upon his or her request to the
department. (Since the initial investigation should determine the existence
of any history of abuse, that information must be included within the report.)
2. Prosecution and subsequent legal action can be greatly aided by
documentation and description of physical injuries, photographs of the
injuries, and/or noting the presence of children in household, and other
information gained through the investigation.
3. Domestic violence records are confidential including information regarding
the identity of a victim or children and any medical information or statement
by witnesses. Victims of domestic violence have a strong privacy interest
in this type of information whether contained in the initial incident report or
supplemental reports. With the exception of the complete report’s release
to the victim, reports should be reviewed and redacted accordingly in
response to other requests. The Chief of Police or designee will oversee the
release of any report requested.
4. All Domestic responses in which a report is generated by the investigating
officer concerning an incident, offense, alleged offense, or arrest shall
include a space to indicate whether such offense, alleged offense or arrest
involved abuse as defined in M.G.L. c. 209A. See M.G.L. c. 41, § 98G, and
M.G.L. c. 22C, § 49.
J. Mandatory Reporting
1. A report will be filed with the Department of Children and Families whenever
the police officer has reasonable cause to believe that a child under the age
of 18 has been abused or neglected, in accordance with M.G.L. c. 119, §
51A. During office hours, contact the local DCF office. After hours, call the
hotline: 1-800-792-5200. Officers should file 51A child abuse report on
behalf of a child against the offender abusing or neglecting the child. If an
officer intends to file a 51A child abuse report, he/she should tell the non-
offending parent or caretaker and explain the filing process, including the
fact that the report is being filed against the abuser, not the caretaker who
is also a victim of abuse. See Department policy 42R-Child Abuse for
additional information.
2. A report will be filed with the Disabled Persons Protection Commission
whenever the officer has reasonable cause to believe that a caretaker has
abused / neglected a disabled person, between the ages of 18 and 59, in
accordance with M.G.L. c. 19C, § 10. Call the hotline: 1-800-426-9009. If
an officer intends to file a report, he/she should tell the disabled person who
is the subject of the abuse.
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3. A report will be filed with the Executive Office of Elder Affairs whenever the
officer has reasonable cause to believe that someone age 60 or older has
been abused / neglected, in accordance with M.G.L. c. 19A, §§ 14-26. Call
the 24-hour hotline: 1-800-922-2275. If an officer intends to file a report,
he/she should tell the elder person who is the subject of the abuse.
4. A report will be filed with the Department of Public Health – Division of
Health Care Quality whenever an officer has reasonable cause to believe
that a patient or resident of a long term care facility (includes nursing homes
and other long term care facilities and intermediate care facilities for the
mentally retarded) has been or is being abused, mistreated or neglected,
or that their property has been misappropriated, in accordance with
M.G.L. c. 111, § 72G. Call the 24-hour hotline: 1-800-462-5540.
Note: If notification is necessary involving any of the above situations a report must
be made immediately by phone with written follow-up within 48 hours.
K. Firearms
When a firearm or other weapon is present at the scene of a domestic violence
situation, officers shall:
1. Seize the firearm or weapon as evidence of the crime, if the responding
officers are informed that a firearm or weapon has been involved in the
dispute.
2. If the firearm or weapon is not reported to have been involved in the dispute:
a. Request that the firearm or weapon be placed in the Departments
custody;
b. Search for and take custody of the firearms or weapon if a party who
lawfully resides there requests that the officer do so. A consent
search is allowed in areas to which the victim has access, including
joint access with the suspect;
c. Take temporary custody of the firearm or weapon to alleviate the
threat of serious violence.
3. Determine whether a firearm or weapon is lawfully possessed before
returning the same.
4. If the officer determines that the firearm or weapon cannot be lawfully
seized, the following actions or alternatives are available. An officer should
ensure timely reporting takes place so:
a. A judge can order the defendant to surrender guns and licenses; or
b. The Chief may revoke or suspend an FID or Firearm’s License.
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5. In all domestic violence cases, Lexington shall advise a licensing authority
(if not Lexington) that the subject is suspected/charged in a domestic abuse.
This shall be done by the commanding officer/licensing designee.
6. Issuance of an Abuse Prevention Order
a. Abuse Prevention Orders-Upon issuance of any applicable order under
M.G.L. c. 209A, police shall immediately take possession of all firearms and
licenses in the control, ownership or possession of the defendant. Such
firearms and licenses may not be returned until the order has been
completely vacated or the firearms provision modified by order of the court.
b. Violations of Orders- In the interest of immediacy and the statutory mandate
to arrest, officers shall make a warrantless arrest of any person the officer
witnesses or has probable cause to believe has violated an order including
a violation, which stems from the possession of firearms, weapons, or
licenses.
c. Seizure and Storage of Firearms-It is necessary for the Lexington Police
Department to properly document all items seized and held, whether this is
for the benefit of the Lexington Police or any other agency.
d. Orders Against Law Enforcement Officers- In cases involving police officers
that are defendants in Abuse Prevention Orders, the defendant shall
immediately surrender all firearms, including departmental weapons and
licenses, to the department serving the order.
7. Mass. Firearms Identification Card (FID)
M.G.L. Chapter 140, section 129B (1) (viii) disqualifies any person from
having an FID who is subject to a firearms suspension or surrender
pursuant to Chapter 209A (including permanent or temporary; and any
similar order issued by another jurisdiction).
8. Mass. License to Carry (LTC)
M.G.L. Chapter 140, section 131 (d) (vi) disqualifies persons from having
an LTC in similar instances as an FID card.
L. Federal Firearms Provisions
Although officers cannot enforce the following Federal provisions, the Detective
Commander should be notified whenever an officer identifies a case involving the
following circumstances, because there may be Federal action that can be taken.
1. Misdemeanors Involving Domestic Violence -Under 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(9),
it is unlawful for any person convicted of certain misdemeanor crimes
involving domestic violence to ship, transport, possess, sell or otherwise
dispose of, or receive firearms or ammunition.
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2. Federal law prohibits any person subject to a qualifying order of protection
from possessing firearms and ammunition. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(8).
3. Federal Felon in Possession of a Firearm- Under 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1),
"Felon in possession of a firearm," it is unlawful for any person who has
been convicted in any court of a crime punishable by imprisonment for a
term exceeding one year to possess any gun or ammunition.
4. Persons Named in Protective Orders- Under the Federal Crime Control and
Law Enforcement Act of 1994, it is unlawful for an individual subject to a
"permanent" restraining order involving "intimate partners" to receive, ship,
transport, or possess guns (including handguns, rifles, and shotguns) or
ammunition that traveled in interstate commerce.
NOTE: Misdemeanors are excluded from consideration if they are punishable by
a term of two years or less. Therefore, misdemeanors that are punishable by a
term of imprisonment of more than two years fall within that provision.
THE ROLE OF THE SUPERVISOR
A. Response
1. Supervisors will ensure that the provisions of M.G.L. c.209A, other related
statutes, and these guidelines are adhered to.
2. Supervisors shall be responsible for monitoring any domestic violence calls
dispatched to officers under their direct supervision.
3. Whenever possible, supervisors should respond to the scene for the
purpose of providing additional safety and advice.
4. Supervisors will perform follow up to ensure Department policy and
procedures were followed.
i. Commanding officers will ensure proper codes (UCR) are attached
to the journal note, including but not limited to; “958” Family Services
and “963” DVSN. This will ensure proper follow up by the F.S.O.
ii. Patrol Supervisors and or the CO will ensure the CMAST Forms are
filled out properly for every call assigned as a “Domestic” case.
iii. The CO reviewing and clearing a Domestic Violence case in which
arrest was made may clear the report for purposes of printing out a
complete/ cleared report for court purposes, but then must change
the report status to “follow-up” so the F.S.O. may follow up.
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B. Assurances for Practice
1. Supervisors will assure that dispatch logs will be reviewed to ensure that an
incident report has been filed properly, even in cases where no arrest was
made. Calls, which are received as allegations of domestic violence or a
domestic disturbance, will not be reclassified because no probable cause
to arrest existed. Incident reports shall be filed in those cases.
2. Domestic arguments with no signs or allegations of abuse shall be
documented with a journal note.
3. The Captain of Operations, in order to ensure that the provisions of M.G.L.
c. 209A and these guidelines are met, will carefully review incident and
arrest reports. If upon review of an incident report it is believed that
probable cause exists, the Captain of Operations will ensure that criminal
charges are initiated according to the statute and these guidelines.
4. If a particular case poses significant danger, the case will be discussed at
roll call.
C. Referrals
1. Supervisors shall make the safety and protection of victims and other family
members a priority, recognizing the important role they perform in
supporting the safety of victims and other family members and enabling
them to make informed decisions.
2. Every effort shall be made to provide law enforcement protection and other
safety measures to a victim of domestic violence. These measures should
be taken immediately following the report of an abusive incident,
immediately preceding or following a criminal court date regarding the
abuse, and at any other point at which the victim anticipates or is expecting
prohibited contact or harassment from the abuser. Such protection include
but are not be limited to:
a. Drive-by;
b. Welfare checks;
c. Arresting the abuser for violations of no-contact orders and any other
offense committed;
d. Transporting the victim to a safe place when necessary; or
e. Ensuring victim contact with trained domestic violence advocates for
safety planning.
3. Supervisors will ensure that appropriate referrals are ascertained and
provided to the victim.
C. Follow-up Investigations
Regarding follow-up investigations, supervisors shall:
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1. Determine whether a follow-up investigation is needed. For instance, if the
report indicates a history of abuse, criminal charges should be pursued.
2. If so indicated, the supervisor shall ensure that a follow-up investigation is
conducted.
3. Upon review of the follow-up investigation, the supervisor will ensure that
additional charges are initiated whenever appropriate.
Attachments:
1. Abused Persons Notice of Rights
2. Massachusetts General Laws Commonly Associated with Domestic Violence
Incidents
3. Referrals and Resources
4. Chapter 276: Section 58A. Conditions for release of persons accused of
certain offenses involving physical force or abuse; hearing; order; review
Attachment 1
Abused Persons Notice of Rights
Directions to Police Officer:
Give a victim of domestic violence immediate and adequate notice of his or her rights.
The notice shall consist of handing said person a copy of the statement, which follows
below, and reading the same to the victim. Where the victim's native language is not
English; the statement shall then be provided in the victim's native language whenever
possible.
"You have the right to appear at the Superior, Probate and Family District or Boston
Municipal Court, if you reside within the appropriate jurisdiction, and file a complaint
requesting any of the following applicable orders: (a) an order restraining your attacker
from abusing you; (b) an order directing your attacker to leave your household, building
or workplace; (c) an order awarding you custody of a minor child; (d) an order directing
your attacker to pay support for you or any minor child in your custody, if the attacker
has a legal obligation of support; and (e) an order directing your attacker to pay you for
losses suffered as a result of abuse, including medical and moving expenses, loss of
earnings or support, costs for restoring utilities and replacing locks, reasonable
attorneys’ fees and other out-of-pocket losses for injuries and property damage
sustained.”
"For an emergency on weekends, holidays, or week nights the police will refer you to a
justice of the Superior, Probate and Family, District or Boston Municipal Court
Departments.”
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"You have the right to go to the appropriate District Court or the Boston Municipal Court
and seek a criminal complaint for threats, assault and battery, assault with a deadly
weapon, assault with intent to kill or other related offenses.”
"If you are in need of medical treatment, you have the right to request that an officer
present drive you to the nearest hospital or otherwise assist you in obtaining medical
treatment.”
"If you believe that police protection is needed for your physical safety, you have the
right to request that the officer present remain at the scene until you and your children
can leave or until your safety is otherwise ensured. You may also request that the
officer assist you in locating and taking you to a safe place, including but not limited to a
designated meeting place for a shelter or a family member's or a friend's residence, or a
similar place of safety.”
"You may request a copy of the police incident report at no cost from the police
department."
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Attachment 2
Massachusetts General Laws Commonly Associated with Domestic Violence
Cases
For a complete listing of Massachusetts’ General Laws please see:
http://www.mass.gov/legis/laws/mgl/
Click onto “Search the General Laws”
To see the text of the following statutes connect to the above website and click onto “Link
to a specific chapter and section” and follow the instructions.
Bail question regarding “Dangerousness” M.G.L. 276 sec. 58A
Violation of a Restraining Order M.G.L. 209A Sec 6, 7
Stalking M.G.L. 265 sec. 43
Criminal Harassment M.G.L. 265 sec 43A
Assault and Battery M.G.L. 265 sec 13A (a)
Aggravated Assault and Battery M.G.L. 265 sec. 13A (b)
Assault and Battery/Dangerous Weapon M.G.L. 265 sec. 15A (a)
Aggravated Assault and Battery/Dangerous Weapon M.G.L. 265 sec. 15A (b)
Threats M.G.L. 272 sec. 2
Intimidation of a witness M.G.L. 268 sec. 13B
Kidnapping M.G.L. 265 sec. 26
Mayhem M.G.L. 265 sec. 14
Malicious Destruction M.G.L. 266 sec 127
Resisting Arrest M.G.L. 268 sec 32B
Disorderly Conduct M.G.L. 272 sec. 53
Disturbing the peace M.G.L. 272 sec. 53
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Attachment 3
Referrals and Resources:
o For a Jane Doe Inc. Map of local advocacy agencies go to:
http://www.janedoe.org/know/JDI%20Map%2031%20October%202008.pdf
o SAFELINK 877-785-2020 (TTY) 877-521-2601
Statewide listing of available DV shelter beds and referrals to programs across the
state including multi-lingual agencies
o Asian Task Force Against Domestic Violence 617-338-2355
Specializes in services to Asian communities
o Gay Me n’s Domestic Violence Project 800-832-1901
Specializes in services to the Gay, Lesbian, and Transgender
Communities
o The Network/La Red 617-423-7233
Specializes in services to the Gay, Lesbian, and Transgender
Communities
o Safe Recovery 978-388-6600
Specializes in services for victims with co-occurring substance
abuse and domestic violence concerns
o Child Witness to Domestic Violence Project 617-534-4244
Specializes in services for children 0-8 years old who have
Been exposed to domestic violence
o Llamanos Y Hablemos 800-223-5001
Sexual assault hotline for Spanish speaking individuals
o Elizabeth Stone House 617-522-3659
Specializes in services for victims with co-occurring substance
abuse, mental health and domestic violence concerns
o Elder Abuse Hotline 800-922-2275
o Disabled Persons Hotline 800-426-9009
o Child at Risk Hotline 800-792-5200
o Division of Health Care Quality Hotline 800-462-5540
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Attachment 4
PART IV. CRIMES, PUNISHMENTS AND PROCEEDINGSIN CRIMINAL CASES
TITLE II. PROCEEDINGS IN CRIMINAL CASES
CHAPTER 276. SEARCH WARRANTS, REWARDS, FUGITIVES FROM JUSTICE,
ARREST, EXAMINATION, COMMITMENT AND BAIL. PROBATION OFFICERS AND
BOARD OF PROBATION
ARREST, EXAMINATION, COMMITMENT AND BAIL
Chapter 276: Section 58A. Conditions for release of persons accused of certain
offenses involving physical force or abuse; hearing; order; review
Section 58A. (1) The commonwealth may move, based on dangerousness, for an order
of pretrial detention or release on conditions for a felony offense that has as an element
of the offense the use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical force against the
person of another, or any other felony that by its nature involves a substantial risk that
physical force against the person of another may result, including the crime of burglary
and arson whether or not a person has been placed at risk thereof, or a violation of an
order pursuant to section eighteen, thirty-four B or thirty-four C of chapter two hundred
and eight, section thirty-two of chapter two hundred and nine, section three, four or five
of chapter two hundred and nine A, or section fifteen or twenty of chapter two hundred
and nine C, or arrested and charged with a misdemeanor or felony involving abuse as
defined in section one of said chapter two hundred and nine A or while an order of
protection issued under said chapter two hundred and nine A was in effect against said
person, an offense for which a mandatory minimum term of three years or more is
prescribed in chapter ninety-four C, arrested and charged with a violation of section
thirteen B of chapter two hundred and sixty-eight or a third or subsequent conviction for
a violation of section twenty-four of chapter ninety.
(2) Upon the appearance before a superior court or district court judge of an individual
charged with an offense listed in subsection (1) and upon the motion of the
commonwealth, the judicial officer shall hold a hearing pursuant to subsection (4) issue
an order that, pending trial, the individual shall either be released on personal
recognizance without surety; released on conditions of release as set forth herein; or
detained under subsection (3).
If the judicial officer determines that personal recognizance will not reasonably assure the
appearance of the person as required or will endanger the safety of any other person or
the community, such judicial officer shall order the pretrial release of the person—
(A) Subject to the condition that the person not commit a federal, state or local crime
during the period of release; and
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(B) subject to the least restrictive further condition, or combination of conditions, that such
judicial officer determines will reasonably assure the appearance of the person as
required and the safety of any other person and the community that the person—
(i) remain in the custody of a designated person, who agrees to assume
supervision and to report any violation of a release condition to the court,
if the designated person is able reasonably to assure the judicial officer
that the person will appear as required and will not pose a danger to the
safety of any other person or the community;
(ii) Maintain employment, or, if unemployed, actively seek employment;
(iii) Maintain or commence an educational program;
(iv) Abide by specified restrictions on personal associations, place of abode
or travel;
(v) avoid all contact with an alleged victim of the crime and with any potential
witness or witnesses who may testify concerning the offense;
(vi) report on a regular basis to a designated law enforcement agency, pretrial
service agency, or other agency;
(vii) comply with a specified curfew;
(viii) refrain from possessing a firearm, destructive device, or other dangerous
weapon;
(ix) refrain from excessive use of alcohol, or any use of a narcotic drug or
other controlled substance, without a prescription by a licensed medical
practitioner;
(x) undergo available medical, psychological, or psychiatric treatment,
including treatment for drug or alcohol dependency and remain in a
specified institution if required for that purpose;
(xi) execute an agreement to forfeit upon failing to appear as required,
property of a sufficient unencumbered value, including money, as is
reasonably necessary to assure the appearance of the person as
required, and shall provide the court with proof of ownership and the value
of the property along with information regarding existing encumbrances
as the judicial officer may require;
(xii) execute a bail bond with solvent sureties; who will execute an agreement
to forfeit in such amount as is reasonably necessary to assure appearance
of the person as required and shall provide the court with information
regarding the value of the assets and liabilities of the surety if other than
an approved surety and the nature and extent of encumbrances against
the surety’s property; such surety shall have a net worth which shall have
sufficient unencumbered value to pay the amount of the bail bond;
(xiii) Return to custody for specified hours following release for employment,
schooling, or other limited purposes; and
(xiv) Satisfy any other condition that is reasonably necessary to assure the
appearance of the person as required and to assure the safety of any
other person and the community.
The judicial officer may not impose a financial condition that results in the pretrial
detention of the person.
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The judicial officer may at any time amend the order to impose additional or different
conditions of release.
(3) If, after a hearing pursuant to the provisions of subsection (4), the district or superior
court justice finds by clear and convincing evidence that no conditions of release will
reasonably assure the safety of any other person or the community, said justice shall
order the detention of the person prior to trial. A person detained under this subsection
shall be brought to a trial as soon as reasonably possible, but in absence of good cause,
the person so held shall not be detained for a period exceeding ninety days excluding any
period of delay as defined in Massachusetts Rules of Criminal Procedure Rule 36(b)(2).
A justice may not impose a financial condition under this section that results in the pretrial
detention of the person. Nothing in this section shall be interpreted as limiting the
imposition of a financial condition upon the person to reasonably assure his appearance
before the courts.
(4) When a person is held under arrest for an offense listed in subsection (1) and upon a
motion by the commonwealth, the judge shall hold a hearing to determine whether
conditions of release will reasonably assure the safety of any other person or the
community.
The hearing shall be held immediately upon the person’s first appearance before the court
unless that person, or the attorney for the commonwealth, seeks a continuance. Except
for good cause, a continuance on motion of the person may not exceed seven days, and
a continuance on motion of the attorney for the commonwealth may not exceed three
business days. During a continuance, the individual shall be detained upon a showing
that there existed probable cause to arrest the person. At the hearing, such person shall
have the right to be represented by counsel, and, if financially unable to retain adequate
representation, to have counsel appointed. The person shall be afforded an opportunity
to testify, to present witnesses, to cross-examine witnesses who appear at the hearing,
and to present information. The rules concerning admissibility of evidence in criminal trials
shall not apply to the presentation and consideration of information at the hearing. The
facts the judge uses to support findings pursuant to subsection (3) that no conditions will
reasonably assure the safety of any other person or the community, shall be supported
by clear and convincing evidence. In a detention order issued pursuant to the provisions
of said subsection (3) the judge shall (a) include written findings of fact and a written
statement of the reasons for the detention; (b) direct that the person be committed to
custody or confinement in a corrections facility separate, to the extent practicable, from
persons awaiting or serving sentence or being held in custody pending appeal; and (c)
direct that the person be afforded reasonable opportunity for private consultation with his
counsel. The person may be detained pending completion of the hearing. The hearing
may be reopened before or after a determination by the justice, at any time before trial if
the justice finds that information exists that was not known at the time of the hearing and
that has a material bearing on the issue and whether there are conditions of release that
will reasonably assure the safety of any other person and the community.
(5) In his determination as to whether there are conditions of release that will reasonably
assure the safety of any other individual or the community, said justice, shall, on the basis
of any information which he can reasonably obtain, take into account the nature and
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seriousness of the danger posed to any person or the community that would result by the
person’s release, the nature and circumstances of the offense charged, the potential
penalty the person faces, the person’s family ties, employment record and history of
mental illness, his reputation, the risk that the person will obstruct or attempt to obstruct
justice or threaten, injure or intimidate or attempt to threaten, injure or intimidate a
prospective witness or juror, his record of convictions, if any, any illegal drug distribution
or present drug dependency, whether the person is on bail pending adjudication of a prior
charge, whether the acts alleged involve abuse as defined in section one of chapter two
hundred and nine A, or violation of a temporary or permanent order issued pursuant to
section eighteen or thirty-four B of chapter two hundred and eight, section thirty-two of
chapter two hundred and nine, sections three, four or five of chapter two hundred and
nine A, or sections fifteen or twenty of chapter two hundred and nine C, whether the
person has any history of orders issued against him pursuant to the aforesaid sections,
whether he is on probation, parole or other release pending completion of sentence for
any conviction and whether he is on release pending sentence or appeal for any
conviction.
(6) Nothing in this section shall be construed as modifying or limiting the presumption of
innocence.
(7) A person aggrieved by the denial of a district court justice to admit him to bail on his
personal recognizance with or without surety may petition the superior court for a review
of the order of the recognizance and the justice of the district court shall thereupon
immediately notify such person of his right to file a petition for review in the superior court.
When a petition for review is filed in the district court or with the detaining authority
subsequent to petitioner’s district court appearance, the clerk of the district court or the
detaining authority, as the case may be, shall immediately notify by telephone, the clerk
and probation officer of the district court, the district attorney for the district in which the
district court is located, the prosecuting officer, the petitioner’s counsel, if any, and the
clerk of courts of the county to which the petition is to be transmitted. The clerk of the
district court, upon the filing of a petition for review, either in the district court or with the
detaining authority, shall forthwith transmit the petition for review, a copy of the complaint
and the record of the court, including the appearance of the attorney, if any is entered,
and a summary of the court’s reasons for denying the release of the defendant on his
personal recognizance with or without surety to the superior court for the county in which
the district court is located, if a justice thereof is then sitting, or to the superior court of the
nearest county in which a justice is then sitting; the probation officer of the district court
shall transmit forthwith to the probation officer of the superior court, copies of all records
of the probation office of said district court pertaining to the petitioner, including the
petitioner’s record of prior convictions, if any, as currently verified by inquiry of the
commissioner of probation. The district court or the detaining authority, as the case may
be, shall cause any petitioner in its custody to be brought before the said superior court
within two business days of the petition having been filed. The district court is authorized
to order any officer authorized to execute criminal process to transfer the petitioner and
any papers herein above described from the district court or the detaining authority to the
superior court, and to coordinate the transfer of the petitioner and the papers by such
officer. The petition for review shall constitute authority in the person or officer having
custody of the petitioner to transport the petitioner to said superior court without the
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issuance of any writ or other legal process; provided, however, that any district or superior
court is authorized to issue a writ of habeas corpus for the appearance forthwith of the
petitioner before the superior court.
The superior court shall in accordance with the standards set forth in section fifty-eight A,
hear the petition for review under section fifty-eight A as speedily as practicable and in
any event within five business days of the filing of the petition. The justice of the superior
court hearing the review may consider the record below which the commonwealth and
the person may supplement. The justice of the superior court may, after a hearing on the
petition for review, order that the petitioner be released on bail on his personal
recognizance without surety, or, in his discretion, to reasonably assure the effective
administration of justice, make any other order of bail or recognizance or remand the
petitioner in accordance with the terms of the process by which he was ordered committed
by the district court.