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HomeMy WebLinkAboutwaltham-street_0072 FORM B - BUILDING In Area no. Form no. MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION A 21 Office of the Secretary, State House, Boston Lexington son ss 72 Waltham s'r nt use Golden Hand Fabrics - - -V # g I � - -- = nt owner iption: �-. ,d III 111111! ( I'ii`1�II�l1l�I�llll!11� xrce - - -- --- Verna cular_Grk---Revive3...-lake - - tect in relation to nearest cross streets and other buildings. Indicate north. Exterior wall fabric Clapboard Outbuildings (describe) Other features Brick foundation, gable end to A14 1--- -p- -""-~ street, first floor left entrance, door with �-- = round headed lights instead of upper panels. i CA (over) Altered Date Moved Date 5. Lot size: One acre or less x Over one acre Approximate frontage 60' Approximate distance of building from street 6' to front steps O NOT WRITE IN THIS SPACE 6. Recorded by E. W. Reinhardt USGS Quadrant Organization Lexington Historical Commission HC Photo no. Date October, 1975 (over) qM-,)-7s-Rn61465 (90M-2476) 7. Original owner (if known) ? Chandler R. Richardson Original use Subsequent uses (if any) and dates 8. Themes (check as many as applicable) Aboriginal Conservation Recreation Agricultural Education Religion Architectural Exploration/ Science/ The Arts settlement invention Commerce Industry Social/ Communication Military humanitarian Community development Political Transportation 9. Historical significance (include explanation of themes checked above) Descrip; - Porch across front 1st. story, square posts with recessed panels, wide cornice on porch windows 6 x 6. Small square first floor window on left facade with clear center pane, stained glass smaller square panes surrounding. Granite front step flush with sidewalk. 20. Bibliography and/or references (such as local histories, deeds, assessor's records, early maps, etc.) FORM 3 BUILDING AREA FORM NO. MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION 80 BOYLSTON STREET BOSTON, MA 02116 -- ---awn r..x i n gt a n dress 72 Waltham Street �i ''�`�• - storic Name Aaron Parker Richardson House ►e: Present Residential Original Residential CRIPTION to C. 1853 - 1875 1 Y = urCe 87 Atla: — - -- � - 1853 Map, 1 5 yle vernacular/Greek Revival ' rchitect Unknown Sketch Map: Draw asap showing property's location in relation to nearest cross streets and/or Exterior Wall Fabric Clapboards geographical features. Indicate all buildings between inventoried property and nearest Outbuildings intersection(s). Indicate north Major Alterations (with dates) F:l ' - added by 1875 ,� Condition Good k fir, Moved No Date Acreage Ca. 1/4 acre f Setting One block from the major / intersection in Lexington ' s business district in a predominantly commercic area. A few 19th C. wood frame resi- dential buildings are intermir4glerl with 20th C. brick commercialbuildin< UTM REFERENCE Recorded by Ann. Grader USGS QUADRANGLE Organization SPNEA SCALE Date October 1988 NATIONAL REGISTER CRITERIA STATEMENT (if applicable) The Aaron Parker Richardson House has integrity of location, design, materials, and feeling . under Criterion C, the house has distinctive characteristics of form and construction reflective of mid-nineteenth century vernacular building practices in Lexington. The house is an example of the side hall , double- parlor plan - a plan type which appeared relatively belatedly in Lexington, where the two-cell , lobby-entry house predominated until the 1830s. Only a small number of structures of this plan type and associated simple (Cont . ) ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANCE Describe important architectural features and evaluate in terms of other buildings within the community. The Aaron P. Richardson House is a two and one-half story, side hall plan house with gable end toward the street . The Richardson House is a vernacular building with massing and trim influenced by the Greek Revival style. The exterior is clapboarded. Trim consists of plain corner boards, simple window and door frames and a single story porch across the facade fitted with three panelled posts. Fenestration is double hung wooden sash with narrow muntins. First-floor windows on the facade are taller than the others, reflecting the parlor function of the interior space. Second-story window frames retain an echinus-molded backhand, possibly the configuration of all window frames initial. The upper story on the Waltham Street side retains early, if not original, skived clapboards. Elsewhere clapboards are more recent, having butt ends and wider weathers. (Continued) HI'70RICAL SIGNIFICANCE Explain the role owners played in local or state history and how the building relates to the development of the community. The house was built between 1853 and 1875 . It does not appear on the. 1853 Map, but it is shown on the 1875 Map under the ownership of Aaron Parker Richardson. Aaron Parker Richardson, born in Methuen in 1791 , moved to Lexington in 1820. He married into the locally prominant Reed family in 1823. Richardson ' s occupation has not been identified. The 1875 Map shows him, however, to have been the owner of four houses and half a dozen sizeable parcels of land. Richardson died in 1874, and his property, including the house at 72 Waltham Street, was inherited by his son, Chandler R. Richardson, a civil engineer and surveyor. After Chandler' s death in 1897, the property passed to Bradley C. Whitcher, local grain dealer. The house at 72 Waltham Street was apparently occupied much of the 19th century by tenants, and was not the principal residence of any of its first three owners. Mrs. Charles Wetherbee, a widow, occupied the house in 1887, for example. (Continued) 9 BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES Please ,see attached bibliography. 8/85 INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Office of the Secretary of State, Boston Indicate each item on inventory form which is being continued below. NATIONAL REGISTER CRITERIA STATEMENT - Continued . . .Greek Revival trim survive to illustrate indigenous building forms at mid-century in Lexington when the town was still a rural farming community. Other remaining examples include: 40 Fern Street (B Form 525) , 847 Massachusetts Avenue (B Form 228) , 996. Massachusetts Avenue (B Form 243) , 49 Parker Street (B Form 426) , and 113 Waltham Street- (B Form 451) . The survival of the Richardson House in its present location adjacent to the central business district is particularly noteworthy. Once a part of a cohesive 19th century streetscape (see attached illustration) , the Richardson House is one of the few 19th century vernacular wood frame structures to survive so close to Lexington ' s major intersection, and is the least altered. ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANCE - Continued Alterations apparently include the front door, Italianate in style with two arched, glazed panels , . and a Victorian window with small stained glass panes on the left (north) wall of the entry. The foundation of the main body of the house is brick. There is a single, narrow central chimney. The single-story rear ell, added before 1875, has finishes and trim similar to those on the rest of the house . The ell foundation, however , is fieldstone . HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE - Continued The junction of Waltham Street, and Massachusetts Avenue , a block north of the Richardson House, had been the major crossroad in Lexington since the 17th century. As the town grew in the mid-19th century, and particularly after the introduction of the railroad in 1846 , the center expanded and new streets were laid out . Waltham Street , one of the first areas to be built up, remained a locus of residential buildings until after World War II . Thereafter brick commercial buildings gradually replaced the majority of the houses . Staple to Inventory Form at Bottom INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Office of the Secretary of State, Boston Indicate each item on inventory form which is being continued below. BIBLIOGRAPHY Beers , F.W. County Atlas of Middlesex Massachusetts . New York: J.B. Beers & Co. , 1875. Hudson, Charles . History of the Town of Lexington. Vol. II . Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. , 1913 . Kelley, Beverly Allison. Lexington, A Century of Photographs. Lexington: Lexington Historical Society, 1980 . Lexington, Mass . Record of Births, Marriages and Deaths . Part III . Boston: Wright & Potter Printing Co. , 1898 . Stadley, George W. & Co. Atlas of the Towns of Watertown, Arlington and Lexington, Middlesex County, Massachusetts . Boston: George W. Stadley & Co. , 1898 . Walker, George H. & Co. Atlas of Middlesex County. Boston: George H. Walker & Co. , 1889 . Walker , George W. & Co. Atlas of Middlesex County, Massachusetts. Boston: George H. Walker & Co. , 1906 . Walling, H. F . "Map of the Town of Lexington, Middlesex County, Mass . " Philadelphia: Kellner ' s Lithography, 1853 . Staple to Inventory Form at Bottom fiZsifl A ; ��� !: •4 \�1��ii Ur pCai^•. 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