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HomeMy WebLinkAbout1957-12-20PLANNING BOAT?D MEETING ' December 30, 1957 A regular meeting of the Lexington Planning Board was held in the Town Engineer's Room, Town Office Building, on Konday, December 301 1957 at 7:30 p.m. Present were Chairman Grindle, Members Abbott, Burnell, Jaquith and Soule and Planning Director Snow. Consideration was first given to the petition of the Nashoba Realty Trust to be heard by the Board of Appeals later in the evening, said petition seeking permission to erect a 2 -story hotel and restaurant in a Lexington general business district and a variance to locate said hotel abutting in part on a single family residential district. In reviewing the plans for the hotel the following points were noted: the building would be located approximately 12-18 inches from the side lines of the pronerty and 312-5 feet from the rear lines; side windows would open out, probably over adjacent properties; front doors would open outward onto a public sidewalk; exhaust from heater room and garage would blow directly= onto abutting properties; there would be no apparent means of access to outside of building for -maintenance purposes without trespassing on adjacent properties; there would be no means of access from in- terior to rear of building in case of emergency; ramp up from garage to street would have no leveling area and there would be no sight distance for vehicles before crossing public sidewalk and entering onto right of way. The Board considered the problems similar to those which might arise with the erection of buildings located directly on abuttinM property lines as well as the possi- bility- of creating a central municipal parking area lo- cated in the rear of the business properties in the block fronting on Massachusetts Avenue, I•Jaltham Street and Vine Brook Road. It was decided that the Board did not object to a hotel being located in the central business district but that the Board should point out the problems to be considered in locating a hotel on this particular site, including the creation of additional traffic problems on very heavily traveled .,Tassachusetts Avenue so close to the Mass.Ave.-Waltham St. intersection. At 3:20 p.m, the Board adjourned its meeting to attend the Board of Appeals hearing in Estabrook Hall, re- turning to the Town Cffice Building at 9:45 p.m. The Board then_ net with the Selectmen. to discuss, at their request, the problems which might arise in accepting BOARD OF APPEALS NASHOBA MOTEL STREET as town ways those portions of Dane and Foster Roads ACCEPTANCES located within the Colonial Heights, Sec. 2 subdivision. ' - It was noted in the discussion that between said sub - DANE AND division and the nearest town way there were sections of FOSTER Sherburne Roac and Dane Road which were private ways, ROADS that said sections needed to be surfaced with bituminous concrete, and that betterments would be assessed if the town voted to lay out said sections as town ways. It was understood that the Selectmen would place articles in the town warrant to see if the town would vote to lay out and accept said private ways and that the Selectmen would hol(i the necessary public hearings in regard to the matter. BILLS The Planning Board returned to its meeting; at 10:15 pm. at which time it approved the following bills which had been presented for payment: Royal= McBee Corp., typewriter --:182.50; Graphic Reproductions, • Inc., white prints--x:3.60Samuel P. Snow, car allow- ance for Decembers 1957, 20.00; mise. office supplies, $3.48 --total w23.48. SUN VALLEY Mr. Snow reported that all matters now appeared SEC. 7 in order so that the Board could vote to release the bond for work to be performed in Section 7 of the Sun Valley development. ','hereupon, it was moved by Mr. ' Jaquith, seconded by Mr. Burnell, and unanimously VOTED: to release the performance bond, dated June 20, 1955, filed by DeVries Construc- tion Co., Inc., as Principal, and Maryland Casualty Co., as Surety, in the sum of twenty-four thousand dollars - ($21,000) - to secure the performance by the subdivider of its agreement in the form of an applica- tion, Form C, dated May 23, 19551 to com- plete the work to be performed by the sub- divider in the subdivision shown on the subdivision plan entitled "Section 7 of Sun Valley Lexington, Mass., owned by De - Vries Construction Co., Inc.", dated May 2, 1955. GREEN Considered next by the Board was the rough draft VALLEY of a letter and a plan to be sent to Mr. Antonio Busa SEC. 3 in reply to his request for approval of an extension of Lillian Road in a southeasterly direction toward Lowell Street. It was decided that the Board would approve the extension of Lillian Road only for a dis- tance sufficient to serve 3 lots, said lots apparently being the onl�r one;, which could be connected to a town ' sewer located in a previously approved section of the Green Valley development. The Board approved the in- 12-30-57 -2- formal plan showing required future access for an exten- sion of Anthony Road to the Massimilla land and requested that Mr. Snow prepare said plan in final form to accompany the Board's letter. (See Addendum.) Approved also by the Board was the draft of a letter to be sent Mr. Gayer, Supt, of Public ',corks, and Mr. De - Felice setting forth what the Board would require Mr. De- felice to do in constructing Ann Street should the latter wish to re -subdivide lots fronting on said private way. (See addendum.) Mr. Snow next presented for the Board's considera- tion a print of a plan showing a proposal for subdividing land of the Vine Brook Realty Trust fronting on Waltham Street. I1r. Snow said that the plan, prepared by Miller & Nylaneer, was based on previous suggestions made by the Board (See Minutes of October 8, 1957), and that 4r. Alfred P. Tropeano wished an informal opinion concerning said plan. It was the opinion of some members that the plan could be improved. However, it was decided that said plan would meet the approval of the Board if prepared in definitive form and that '14r. Snow was to so notify Mr. Tropeano, Mr. Snow reported on his conferences with Mr. Gayer in regard to the cost of building a bridge across Vine Brook to provide for the extension of Emerson Road and an access to the proposed second section of the Burnham Farms development owned by Mr. Mark Moore, Jr. It was stated that Mr. Gager estimated that it would cost approximate17 X12,000 to construct said bridge to the specifications he would recommend as the Suoerin- tendent of Public idorks. It was stated also that this information had been conveyed to Mr. Moore and that he wished to discuss his plan with the Board at its next meeting. The Board then reviewed said subdivision plan (referred to in the November 18, l" - 57 minutes) and the value of the pronerty the Board wised to recommend the town acquire from Mr. :Moore for a recreational develop- ment along Vine Brook in conjunction with the North Street gravel pit area. It was stated that PMr. Moore intended that the house numbered 113 Borth Street had an estimated value of between $8,000 and ;:8,500 and that much of the land it was recommended be acauired could not be used for residen- tial purposes because of the town's flowage easements. Considering this information it was suggested that it would be a fair proposition if the town constructed the bridge in exchange for said property recommended for ac - ANN STREET DeFELICE VINE BROOK REALTY TRUST BURNHAM FARMS SEC. 2 qusition. The comment was made that if the decision had not been made to locate a major town way, Emerson Road, across what was formerly Burnham farm, Mr. Moore - under the subdivision rules and regulations - would not have been able to develop said farm land east of Vine Brook without constructing a bridge and, in addition, providing a second recognized means of access to the farm land. There was held next a general discussion of mis- cellaneous matters before the Board, the meeting being adjourned at 11:00 p.m. Levi G. Burnell, Jr. Clerk ADDENDUM Mr. -Antonio Busa 48 Lowell Street Lexin7ton 73, :,lass. Dear Mr. Dusa: Jan.6,1958 The Board has studied. vour proposal for extending Lillian Road southeaster l., towards Lowell Street as a further extension of ,your Green Valley development. It was decided that the Board would approve the extension of said Lillian Road in a southeasterly direction for a sufficient len_rth to serve three lots, these lots to be connected to a town sewer now located in Anthony and Lillian roads. It was further decided that the Board would not approve any further extension of Lillian Road until such time as there is nrovided a second recognized means of access for said road. Attached herewith please find a print of a plan showing the limit to which the Board will approve at this time the extension of Lillian Road. Please note that in preparing a definitive plan that it will be necessary to include in the southeasterly corner of Lot 4 of Green Valles Section 2 and the southwesterly corner of the pro- posed Lot 8 of Green Valle* Section 3 easements for pub- lic travel. By providing for said easements the inter- section of Anthony and. Lillian Roads will conform to the 1 12-30-57 -3- Subdivision Rules and Regulations at such time as Anthony Road is extended to the land now owned by Massimilla. Yours very truly, LEXINGTON PLANNING BOARD by Thomas S. Grindle, Chairman December 24,1957 Consiccering the above waiver of the Board's Rules and Pegulations, it will be greatly appreciated if you will give Mr. DeFelice a written estimate of the cost of layin^, out said war, sending a copy* of this estimate to the Planning Board. Sincerely yours, L .K7_NGTOP? PLAN''ING BOARD TSG:b by Thomas S. Gri_ndle, Chairman cc: Mr.7rank ?'eFelice 65 Taft Ave.,Lexington ]Jr. Richard J. Gayer, Superintendent of Public 'Works Lexington 73 Mass. Dear Mr. Gayer: Mr. Frank DeFelice owns a parcel of land at the north- westerly corner of Taft Avenue and Ann Street, said parcel comprising lots ;103, 109 and 121+ as shown on Block Plan #55 in the Town Engineer's office. Por. DeFelice wishes to divide this property so as to create two new lots, one of which would have approximately 56 feet of frontage on Ann Street. The dividing of this property in this manner is a ' subdivision as set forth in the amended State Enabling Legis- lattb.on and will necessitate the laying out of a portion of Ann Street to service the proposed lot on said street. If Mr. DeFelice decides to lay out Ann Street, the Board has agreed that portions of the Rules and Regulations of the Board will have to be waived in this instance only to the following extent: A. That Ann Street be laid out a distance of 120 ft. from the northeasterly side of Taft Avenue and at the end and adjacent to said layout there be provided a temporary t�?rnaround 1}0 £t. in diameter; B. That no drains need to be laid in Ann St.; C. That Ann Street need not be surfaced with bituminous concrete. Consiccering the above waiver of the Board's Rules and Pegulations, it will be greatly appreciated if you will give Mr. DeFelice a written estimate of the cost of layin^, out said war, sending a copy* of this estimate to the Planning Board. Sincerely yours, L .K7_NGTOP? PLAN''ING BOARD TSG:b by Thomas S. Gri_ndle, Chairman cc: Mr.7rank ?'eFelice 65 Taft Ave.,Lexington I Annual Report of the Planning Board for 1957 To the Citizens of Lexington:. In accordance w9th town regulations, the Planning Board hereby submits its report for 1957. It recommends to the citizens a careful reading of excerpts from the report of the Planning Director, Samuel P. Snow. He is rendering valuable service to the town. His advice and services are sought continually by citizens, property owners and various town boards and committees to help solve the planning problems of Lexington. 1957 has been a year in which considerable progress has been made in both administrative and planning functions of the board. A regular schedule of established office hours is being maintained by the Planning Director. During these hours, the Planning Director is available for confer- ences relative to planning matters, many persons taking ad- vantage of this opportunity. Part-time assistance was en- gaged to help in preparing a preliminary, long-range plan for Lexington. The resignation of Alan Adams as a member of the Board was received during the year. In accordance with the vote of the town meeting Nov. 19, 19561 this resignation auto- matically reduced the membership of the board from six to five. Mr. Adams had been a member of the Board for eight years and chairman for six years. His knowledge of the town and his keen interest in the proper performance of the Board's functions made a valuable contribution to its effectiveness. In addition to special assignments seventy-two regu- lar and, special meetings, including two public hearings have been held during the year. Among the major matters which the Board has studied or acted upon during the year are the following: 1. Major street plan proposals including relocation of Watertown and Spring Streets connections with Route 2 and the Wood Street -Bedford Street connec- tion road. 2. Street and Recreation options. 3. Approval of 11 definitive subdivision plans in- volving a total of 173 lots, and 2 modifications of definitive subdivision plans. ' 4. Traffic conditions. 5. Regional Shopping Center at Route 2 and Spring Street. 6. Board of Appeals notices - action taken on 25 edses. 7. Applications for Planning Board jurisdiction - 107 determinations made. 8. Hearings and approval of plans for the Associates Realty Trust Motel at Marrett Road and Route 128. 9. Proposals of the Boston National Historic Sites Commission. The Planning Board now faces many difficult and technical problems that did not arise so frequently in the past. This situation has been brought about, in part, by the submission of proposals to subdivide land utilizing irregular parcels of land that were formerly by-passed and to which access has been difficult. For the future protection of the town the Board has the Planning Director devote a substantial part of his time to these proposals so as to obtain possible developments of such areas. The Planning Board wishes to express appreciation of the cooperation and assistance which it has received from the citizens and officials of the town. Respectfully submitted, gel > Thomas 5. Gri''n *le, Chairman -Charles T. Abbott LeviG.'Burnell, Jr. t4l,x - L Wilbur M. Jaqu R rd Soule 1 1 I REPORT OF THE PLANNING DIRECTOR December 31, 1957 Lexington Planning Board Lexington, Massachusetts Gentlemen: My 1957 annual report is presented to you in the form of a summary of my observations and recommendations and of the work accomplished while I have been Lexington's Planning Director, the report supplementing information found in our previous accounts covering this three-year period and extracting considerable material from Lexing- ton's long-range development plan. My report is pre- sented in this form with the thought in mind that you may wish to transmit it to the citizens of Lexington as an introduction to said plan which is being completed for your consideration and for presentation in its preliminary form. Introduction In general, planning boards have found that there are two different means employed in obtaining a so-called master plan. One course of action frequently followed is that of a town appropriating a sum of money and employ- ing a consultant to prepare what is sometimes referred to as a "package" plan. A second procedure is that of having a town planning staff prepare a comprehensive plan. The first means of obtaining a plan is a fine one where there is little likelihood of a community having a resident staff of its own. As is most often the case, however, there is little public participation in the preparation of a plan submitted by a consultant and fre- quently little knowledge of the plan's contents. In. such an instance, how to effectuate the plan is the problem confronting a planning board. If the plan is used or modified to fit changing conditions, it will generally point the way to real community development. Undoubtedly, however, the second means of obtaining a plan is the best one for a town. Instead of appropriating a sum of money for a plan, most of.its cost is paid for with salaries for the staff. Working with individuals and agencies of a town government and with the public as partners in an enterprise, much duplication of effort is eliminated while a plan is created, not as a single event but as all factors and ideas that are germane are gathered, considered, and analyzed with the greatest of care. As decisions emerge portions of the plan are put ' into effect immediately. Under such a process a plan be- comes a living thing, a growing and changing aggregation of projects all consistent with each other and each sur- viving in the plan by virtue of its: inherent merits and with harmony with the rest." With the Town's endorsement of the reoommendation to follow the latter procedure, the Board employed a plan- ning director in September, 1954 and gave serious study to the preparation of a long-range comprehensive plan for Lexington. There was prepared an outlin.e which enumerates the many matters which the Board believes it has to consider in. accepting the full responsibilities of a planning program, a bold program, one entailing a tremendous amount of work, and one encouraging citizen participation in planning. Among the proposals con- sidered, it was decided that the plan should revolve around the following principal studies: 1. Population 2. Economic Base 3. Land Use and Conservation 4. Street System 5. Transit and Transportation System 6. Parking ' �(. Public Utilities and Related Service Problems $. Recreation and Public Open Spaces 9. Public Buildings and Civic Appearance 10. Planning of Residential, Business and Industrial Districts 11. Architectural Plan 12. Zoning 13. Land Subdivision Regulation 14. Building Code 15. Long -Range Financial Plan Population and Related Studies To obtain some idea of the rate of Lexington's growth and its possible implications, the first studies under- taken were those of population data. This was done with the understanding that in any community the size, growth, and distribution of present and future population are major factors in determining the proper type, amount and loca- tion of public facilities and improvements, and in plan nin.g the same, so that they will continue to serve citizens adequately and efficiently. One example of the importance of this data in. determining, for instance, educational and recreational services can. be found in Lexington's 1955 census figures. , The numbers of school and pre-school children were arranged by ages in.to three 6 -year groups: pre-school, 12-31-57 -2- through. the age of 5 years; elementary school, from age 6 through 11; and the junior -senior high school group, from age 12 through 17. Of the latter group, there were 1508; of the elementary school age, 2570; of the pre- school group, 2896. Assuming that these figures remain constant, it is estimated that by 1961 there will be about a 70 percent increase in the number of junior -senior high school students over the 1508 in this age bracket in 1955 and approximately a 13 percent increase in the number of elementary school pupils over the 2570 -there are in this age group. Similarly, it is estimated that by 1967 there will be about a 92 percent increase in the number of junior -senior high school students in this age class in 1955. In -Migration Other aspects and characteristics of Lexington's present and future population are indicated in a study of migration into Lexington, from 1953 through 1956, of persons twenty years of age or older. It appears that if trends for this period hold steadily, Lexington can expect about 1300 to 1550 new adults moving into town each year. Comparing the age groups of these in -migrants with 1950 census data, it is immediately evident that Lexington is tending more and ' more toward a younger adult population. The 1950 census showed that about 39 percent of the adults were 39 years old or less, whereas the percentage of in -migrants in this same age group rose from approximately 66 percent in 1953 to about 69 percent in 1956. Again comparing the 1953-1956 in -migration study with the 1950 census data, indications are that Lexington is becoming more and more a residential area for professional and technical people and less and less a place of residence for service and operative workers. There has been a corresponding but less of a drop in the percentage of Lex- ington residents who are grouped in the so-called crafts- men -foremen category. To cite an example of this occu- pational trend, the study showed that of those who moved into Lexington from Greater Boston from 1953 through 1956 about 33 percent were in the professional and technical category, 66 percent representing the total percentage of white collar in -migrants from the same area. Rate of Growth In conjunction with rate of growth studies, estimates have been made of the number of inhabitants Lexington will eventually have under present existing zoning by-laws and ' of the approximate years in which most of the total possible dwellings in. this town will have been constructed. Of Lexington's total area of 10,650 acres, about 4180 have been 12-31-57 developed. If the estimated area needed for schools, ' recreational areas, commercial and governmental use is deducted from the gross area available for development, there will probably be about 7280 more dwellings built in town. Using a ratio of about 3.8 persons per dwelling unit, it is estimated that the number of people which could be housed in these new units would be approximately 27,700. If this number is added to present population of the town, Lexington will eventually have about 50,000 residents. When will Lexington have a population of this number? Perhaps earlier than most people realize. This town's rate of growth is following a trend of increasing accel- eration, especially in the 1940-55 period. If it is assumed that the rate which has been in. effect for this fifteen -year period will continue, it is estimated that Lexington will have a population of about 40,100 in 1965 and reach 50,000 before 1970. If, on the other hand, it is assumed that the town's rate of growth will remain steady at an annual increase of approximately 1006 persons, then it will be 1984 before most of the total possible dwellings will have been constructed in Lexington. Economic Base Very intimately connected with studies of population ' data are those of the economic base of the community. Such studies are essential not only in forecasting the growth of the community and the facilities and land that will be required for various purposes but also in formu- lating a sound program for development of the economic resources of the community. Much of the pertinent in- formation needed for formulating such a program has been obtained by studying census and department of commerce data and, as will be noted later, by studying all the land in Lexington. A general proposed land use map is now being prepared for your consideration. It is recom- msnded tta tone of the next steps taken, in conjunction with the preparation of a detailed plan of proposed land use, be the formulation of a program for strengthening the economic structure of this town. Land Use and Conservation. In the preparation of a long range plan for the town, one.of the studies emphasized has been that of Lexing- ton's land uses and natural resources and the preparation of a program for protecting and developing these lands and resources. Particular attention. has also been, given to relating this study and program to a similar one con- cerning this town's recreational needs and open spaces. ' In carrying on these studies I believe I have examined every parcel of land in Lexington noting its condition, 12-31-57 -3- use, and potentialities. 'chile there are some areas of the town which. may have been badly treated or developed without forethought, my inventory of our remaining natural resources indicates that, for the moment, they are greater in number than perhaps is realized. It should be our ob- jectives to maintain, improve, and prevent waste of these resources to insure a distribution among our townspeople of the benefits which come from these resources, and to protect these resources for future generations. Street System One of Lexington's greatest immediate needs is the prep- aration, of a major street plan. Among the reasons this is so are the facts that the town's existing street system encourages lotting and buildin§ along all the streets leaving what might be called; backland" unused, that access is becoming increasingly difficult to much of this remaining land suitable for real estate development, and that the secondary street system, until very recently, was being planned piecemeal by land subdividers and not by the Planning Board. As I mentioned last year when discussing subdivision plans in my annual report, a major portion of my time in administering the subdivision control law has been devoted to studies relating developers' proposals for ' subdividing land to neighborhood and major street plan concepts. I would like to emphasize one of the points mentioned in that report, adoption of these studies as Board recommendations and compliance by the land developers has meant that other parts of the long-range development plan for Lexington have been effectuated. A preliminary major street plan has been completed. The term preliminary is used for the reason. that adjustments probably will have to be made after the State Department of Public Works reaches final decisions in regard to the re- location and re -design of Routes 2 and 3. I have dis- cussed the plan in detail with representatives of said de- partment. As you will .recall, the plan. has also been used as a basis for a joint conference of the Selectmen, Plan- ning Board and Associate Commissioner of the Department in, regard to a number of problems of concern to Lexington. In the meantime the preliminary plan is serving as a frame of reference for detailed studies of street intersections and the obtaining of options for points of access for new streets. Recognizing that it would take too long to give a de- tailed report of the studies made, facts obtained, and recommendations made in the street plan, following are some ' of the points of paramount interest found therein. These points are presented with the realization that without the use of diagrams, charts, maps, etc., it is difficult to 12-31-57 show the relationship between data and the full signifi- cance of the plan itself. Lexington's road structure is such that at present the town is confronted with the following situations: A star- shaped hub of roads converging on Lexington Center through which large volumes of traffic must pass because it is the only central exchange point where automobiles can transfer from one road to another; two through roads, Lowell Street and Concord Avenue, which are local in character because of the lotting of land fronting on these ways; a partial circular bypass, Marrett Road and other portions of Route 2A, between Arlington and the Bedford air base; two superhighways which increase Lexington traffic volumes on roads leading to interchange points. Traffic - Town Center In order to develop a road system which will be adequat and safe for Lexington and which will improve upon the situations set forth above, it was necessary to study the essential elements of the town's traffic, these being that which travels.only within Lexington., that which travels from Lexington to other towns and returns, and that which passes through Lexington going from one town to another. This was done by making a survey in such a manner as to ' determine the distribution pattern of all traffic entering and leaving the town center, by counting and indicating the direction of traffic at all the important street inter- sections in town, and by making a mail questionnaire survey asking Lexington residents where they drove their cars on a typical day. On the town center survey date 41,345 vehicles were checked either entering or leaving the center between 7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. Of this total number of vehicles, 88.5 percent were autos and 10.5 percent were trucks. A graph of volumes of this incoming and outgoing traffic for each quarter hour shows three significant phases: 1. An extremely sharp peak, rising very rapidly from about 300 vehicles per fifteen. -minute period at 7:00 a.m. to approximately 700 vehicles.for a similar time interval at 7:45 a.m., then descending sharply at first but leveling until a volume of about 350 vehicles per fifteen minutes is reached at 9:30 a.m.; 2. A quite steady level of 350 vehicles per fifteen - minute period from 9:30 a.m. to 2:15 p.m. with the exception of a quick rise to over 400 vehicles for the period from noon. to 12:15 p.m.; ' 3. A final phase of traffic, rising evenly from 350 12-31-57 -4- vehicles at 2:15 p.m. to a level of about 650 ' vehicles per fifteen -minute period from 4:45 P•m- to 5:30 p.m., falling steadily until 6:30 p.m. when volumes return to 350 vehicles for a fifteen - minute period, and then rising again as the evening traffic begins. The graph of volumes also shows the number of vehicles found in the town center at one time, the number rising somewhat steadily from 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m., continuing to rise but at a less rapid rate until 11:45 a.m., varying from 340 to 360 vehicles until 2:30 p.m., dropping at the fifteen -minute period after that to 280 vehicles and then remaining constant un.til 4:45 p.m., rising sharply after that to about 330 vehicles, dropping steadily to 60 vehicles at 6:30 p.m., and rising again with the influx of evening traffic Studies of the distribution of traffic entering and leaving the Lexington center indicate that 88 percent of the volume may be classified as through traffic, a vehicle passing through the survey boundaries to the high school,. for instance, being so classified. The data from sets of analyses charts for each street entering the center were combined with the results of the outlying ' streets volume counts and the trip questionnaire survey of Lexington residents to establish the approximate volumes of traffic the construction of a road adjacent to the center could divert. To point out how important such a road could be, the survey counts reveal that, of the 4640 through vehicles whichh entered the town center from the Massachu- setts Avenue -Woburn Street intersection, 46 percent went through to Bedford Street. Likewise, of the through traffic leaving the town center via said intersection, about 49 percent came from Bedford Street. There is the possi- bility of diverting a great number of these vehicles, eventually reducing by one half the volume of Lexington Center traffic. Traffic - Outlying Intersections Some insight into other traffic problems at the inter- sections of outlying town roads can be had by including several examples of conditions found at later dates when obtaining traffic counts which were related to the town. center survey. For instance, one of the most heavily traveled streets„in Lexington outside of the town center is the section of Massachusetts Avenue between. Pleasant Street and Marrett Road. Volumes of traffic on -this section of road average 12,000 vehicles between 7:00 a.m. ' and 7:00 p.m., vehicles numbering asmny as 2000 perhour during the peak periods of travel. During these periods the street is badly congested with traffic, especially at the Pleasant Street-Follen Road intersection. It probably 12-31-57 has been evident to many that this intersection is badly ' in need of re -design.. Vehicles pass through this inter- section. from 5:00 to 5:15 p.m. at the rate of 2100 vehicles per hour. Farther along Massachusetts Avenue at the Maple Street intersection. the traffic pattern has a notable aspect. Traffic studies indicate that at certain times, in addition to the numbers of vehicles on. Massachusetts Avenue, there is a large movement of traffic on Maple Street, almost exclusively from the Lowell Street direc- tion between 7:15 a.m. and 7:45 a.m., and from the Massachusetts Avenue direction from 5:15 p.m. to 5:45 p.m. At the other end of Maple Street at the Lowell Street intersection, traffic studies show that on the latter street the number of vehicles traveling in both directions is relatively small and approximately the same throughout the day except for the peak periods of morning and evening traffic. In the morning there is a somewhat larger number of vehicles traveling from tho Woburn Street than from the opposite direction, the traffic pattern reversing itself in the evening. On the survey date, 10,682 vehicles were counted passing through the Waltham Street-Marrett Road intersec- tion from 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. The largest amount of travel was found to take place on Waltham Street just wouth of the intersection, on Marrett Road west, on. Wal- tham Street north, and on Marrett Road east, in that order. The greatest number of vehicles go through the intersection without any turn movement. There is, however, a dominant movement of vehicles between Marrett Road west and Waltham Street south. At the Spring Street -Bridge Street-Marrett Road inter- section counts indicate that the greatest number of turn movements take place between Spring Street and Marrett Road just east of the intersection, and the next largest between Spring Street and Marrett Road west. In my judg- ment this intersection is the one in Lexington most badly in need of design. For example, the sight distance is almost zero for westbound traffic on Marrett Road desiring to cross the eastbound lane on said road and enter Spring Street. A total of 11,983 vehicles were counted entering the Massachusetts Avenue-Marrett Road intersection during the twelve-hour survey day. The primary movement of traffic here is on Marrett Road between Route 128 and the Bedford air base, as many as 1700 cars traveling on this section , of road between 7:30 a.m. and 8:30 a.m. and again between 4:15 p.m. and 5:15 p.m. During the peak period of travel 12-31-57 ' in the morning it appears to be the relatively small volume of Avenue to make left hand turns line of traffic which. forms in, bound lane leading into the air -5- almost impossible for traffic on Massachusetts across the continuous the Marrett Road northwest - base. Further along Massachusetts Avenue at the School Street intersection the daily volumes of traffic were found to be what might be considered normal except for one period in the morning and another in the evening when the number of vehicles, especially on School Street, reached peaks al- most equal to half the total number of vehicles counted from 7:00 a.m, to 7:00 p.m. Origin - Destination. Survey The results obtained from an origin -destination survey were remarkable in many ways. Using a directory of Lex- ington residents twenty years old or over, and supplemen- tary information, a questionnaire was mailed to every tenth household in the town asking the residents where they drove their cars on the survey day. Upon plotting the location of each of these households on a map, the planning staff was pleased to note that a very even geographic distribution of residences had been obtained. What pleased the staff most was Lexington's 70 percent ' return of completed questionnaires. It is understood that a 25 to 30 percent return is considered to be unusually good. . Based on the sample obtained, it is interesting to note that five percent of Lexington families have no car, about 65 percent have one car, approximately 28 percent have two cars, and 2.2 percent have three or more. Commercial vehicles, trucks, etc. were not included in the sample. In studying the external trips map prepared from the origin -destination survey, it is immediately evident that for Lexington drivers the major town exit and entry points, In descending order of importance, are Route 2 at the Arlington line, Waltham Street at the Waltham line, and Summer Street at the Arlington line. Secondary exit and entry points for the same drivers, in the same order of importance, are Waltham Street at Route 2, Bedford Street at Route 128, Concord Avenue at the Belmont line, and Watertown Stredt at the Belmont line. There appears to be very little movement of traffic on the part of Lexington residents from this town to Lincoln, Bedford, Burlington, Woburn. or Winchester except that which may occur through the points just noted. ' The dominant characteristic of in -town trips is the extremely large movement of Lexington automobiles between 12- 31- 57 the town center and every other area within town. Except for this movement, the number of vehicles traveling be- ' tween areas within. town is small and not very significant. Through a process of deducting the traffic generated by Lexington vehicles from the traffic actually found on the town roadways, it was possible to determine volumes of through traffic in Lexington. From the tabulated results, it is evident that through traffic forms the greatest per- centage and highest volume of travel on major Lexington roads. Since the primary access points for traffic either originating or terminating in Lexington are on the souther- ly and easterly boundaries of the town, the percentage of through traffic will be even higher on those roads leaving Lexington on the northerly and westerly sides of town. Both the through traffic and the Lexington generated traffic are forced to travel over the same road network, much of the total volume being funneled through the town center because of a lack of alternative routes. Traffic Accidents A study of traffic accidents is one of the most important components of a traffic survey, assisting in determining the relative adequacy of road and intersection design and in setting forth other data which can be used in a program , for accident reduction. From information kindly supplied by Chief of Police Rycroft, a study was made of accidents in Lexington from 1952 through 1956. These accidents in- cluded those which occurred on Routes 2 and 128 and tend to make the conditions found to exist seem worse than they really are Taking this fact into account, the situation is still one which, in my opinion, deserves serious consid- eration. Not only are accidents increasing in numbers, the rate Is accelerating each year. A steady increase of five or ten percent might be expected each 79ar. However, when the rate jumps from zero percent to 34 percent in. four years, it would appear that some remedial action is necessary. If accidents continue to rise at the rate established in Lex- ington between 1952 and 1956, it is expected that there will be as many as 1300 in this town in 1958. In police files, accidents are classified into three different types: those involving a motor vehicle collid- ing into another vehicle (MV -MV), those involving a motor vehicle colliding into a fixed object such as a tree or wall (MV -FO), and those involving a motor vehicle hitting a pedestrian or cyclist (MV -PED). MV -MV accidents are increasing in numbers and percent- , age.indicating that there are proportionately more motor 12-31-57 M ' vehicles colliding into other motor vehicles. MV -FO atald6nta'are also increasing in numbers but form a decreasing percentage of total accidents in Lexington. The number of cars hitting pedestrians and cyclists has remained somewhat the same with a consequent decrease in percent of the total. It appears also that between 40 and 50 percent of all accidents involve an. injury. In 1956, drivers involved in MV -MV or MV -FO accidents had a 46 or 47 percent chance of either injuring themselves or someone in. another car. In the same year, of those who were hit by a motor vehicle while walking or cycling, 94 percent were injured, this being the highest rate in the past five years. Future Roadway Needs The development of a comprehensive road plan for the Town of Lexington must inevitably recognize the influence of external sources of traffic generation upon Lexington roads. It is understood that two of the most important of these sources are the location of superhighways through or adjacent to this town and the development of the towns immediately adjoining Lexington. Even though the State Department of Public Works has informed this town where it is planned to locate interchanges to the proposed limited access highways, it is difficult to determine to what ex- tent traffic originating outside of Lexington will use these interchanges and so increase the number of vehicles on town roads connecting with said interchanges. It is also difficult to assess the impact of future traffic from the second -named source because of the lack of knowledge of data and long-range plans for adjacent communities. Any prediction, therefore, of future traffic volumes resulting from external sources must be very general in nature. As.a general guide in estim ting future flow of vehicles on highways, the State Department of Public Works has found that traffic has increased in recent times at the rate of five percent per year. This rate is based on an average of mancounts taken over the years and is subject to variations ons on particular roads. Using this rate and 1975 as the average year it is estimated Lexington will be fully developed, a rough idea of what future traffic volumes could mean to Lexington can be obtained from the table set forth below._ 1 12-31-57 Number of Intersection 1957 Massachusetts Avenue -Pleasant Street On Pleasant Street 80000 On Mass.Ave. toward Maple St. 125000 Waltham Street -Concord Avenue On Waltham St. toward Waltham 5,000 On Concord Ave. toward Belmont 39000 Bedford Street -Harrington Road On Bedford St. toward Bedford 9,000 Vehicles* 1975 15,200 , 22,800 9,500 5,700 17,100 as Passing a counting station in both directions from 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. From the general estimate set forth above, it is clear that conditions.could become intolerable long before Lex- ington reaches its maximum stageof development. There is no question that new roads will have to be built and some existing roads widened. It -should be pointed out, however, that there is a general agreement a street widen- ing is not a cure but a palliative. For instance, in- creased business attracted by the wider street is a traffic generator that automatically uses up the additional facilities provided, acid then you are "as you were" - and something else has to be done. Highways, while serviceable for a longer period, must go through the same process. Witness what has happened to Route 128'with the industrial development which has taken place along numerous sections of this highway. It must now be widened one lane in each direction. When Route 2 and subsequently Route 3 are re -located and re -designed, most of Lexington will essentially be ringed with roads access to which may be had only at two or three points on Route 2, one point on Route 3, and two points on Route 128. The highest volumes of Lexington traffic will no doubt be found on the roads leading to these access points. The problem with which Lexington is confronted is that of adopting a series of measures de- signed to protect the major connecting roads from excessive co mmercial and residential development which would, if uncontrolled, tend to obstruct travel over these roads and produce unsatisfactory traffic situations. If unlimited access is allowed, then there will be no alternative in the future but to purchase for widening as traffic becomes more and more congested. The best and most feasible methods of avoiding such an occurrence is to plan for proper land use and the building of limited access roads in the future. 1 1 12-31-57 Ofd Elements of the Master Road Plan Three general principles were followed in preparing a road plan complementary to the one already existing. The first principle was that of establishing a general north - south road pattern. in accordance with the volume demands indicated on the projected origin -destination volume map. The second was that of providing a semi -circumferential system for town roads as well as for neighborhood collector streets. The third principle was that of providing roads parallel to Routes 2 and 128 to act as collector roads in- tersecting major thoroughfares leading to traffic inter- changes. Primary emphasis has been placed on the proposal for two major tow roads to be located generally to the east and west ofth e Massachusetts Avenue -Bedford Street axis. The proposed east road starts at a junction with Route 2 at Watertown Street, crosses the townin a circumferential manner joining Grove Street, crosses Bedford Street, and connects with Wood Street. This east road, or thorough- fare, would serve the demands for east -west travel as shown. on the origin -destination map. The proposed west road, which would also serve the great demand for east -west bravel, follows the general alignment of the previously Worthen Road but extends beyond the Bedford Street junction and crosses Route 128 before connecting with the town. of Bedford. In my opinion, terminating Worthen Road at Bed- ford Street, and as a consequence directing large volumes of traffic onto the latter way, is not a satisfactory solution to the problem it is understood Worthen Road, when completed, was intended to solve. The locations of both east and west roads were selected to cut the existing star -like pattern of roadways emanating from the town center and to go through lands which are presently vacant and amenable to the location of new roads. The proposed locations were selected also to avoid steep grades and poor sight distances, and, in the majority of cases, to cross existing roadways at right angles. Road wid.ths and access restrictions were developed to serve best the expected numbers of vehicles on and the land use along the proposed major roads as well as to prevent too many access points which would create excessive danger to motorists. The only other inter -neighborhood road proposed at this time is one which would be located parallel to Route 2, would begin at Spring Street, cross Waltham and Allen Streets, and terminate at the proposed extension of Worthen Road. The proposed inter -neighborhood road would serve as ' a major collector road for residential areas between Route 2 and Marrett Road. 12-31-57 Several neighborhood collector streets are shown on the preliminary road plan.. For the most part these are , designed to provide access to neighborhoods in such a manner as to provide continuous alignment. One example of such, a road is one proposed to connect Constitution Road with Bedford Street via Garfield Street. Most of the other neighborhood collector streets are much shorter In length and are located to connect existing residential areas with the new road system. As more and more land is developed it will be necessary to program new neighborhood collector streets to connect with the road system. In many ways the preliminary road plan presented is not new or radical. Prior to the development of this plan one major town road and several new street proposals had been suggested and partly investigated. In the preparation of the new plan. these previous recommendations have been evaluated in the light of the comprehensive studies under- taken., and incorporated where it was thought they would meet or could be adapted to the existing and projected needs of Lexington. It is not expected or intended that the roads recom- mended on the plan will come into existence within the next few years. What is intended is a gradual yearly de- velopment of the system on a project basis and with the least possible cost to the Town. To bring about such. an ' accomplishment, it is recommended that the following steps be taken: 1. That a policy be adopted which recognizes different road types and functions with consequent differing right- of-way and roadway design requirements, and that this policy be incorporated into the Rules and Regulations Governing the Subdivision of Land in Lexington; 2. That a preliminary master road plan be adopted based on such a policy and in accordance with the map presented; 3. That said master road plan. be put into effect by a com- bination of the following means; a. By requiring that persm s subdividing land prepare subdivision plans so that they comply with the master road plan, providing required right-of-way and pave- ment widths with compensation. allowed by the Town for right-of-way widths in excess of 70 feet and pavement widths in excess of 24 feet; b. By purchasing, in necessary instances, rights-of-way to insure locations of crossings of existing road- ' ways and access to rear lands, with construction of roadways by the Town and costs assessed to the abuttors on a benefit ratio basis; 12-31-57 c. By using so-called Chapter 90 funds wherever ' possible; 4. That the principle of a limited access roadway be applied to those roads leading to traffic interchanges on major state highways and in other areas where required; 5. That. a study of accidents at key intersections be under- taken. and combined with existing traffic counts with the object of preparing a program for construction of channelization and other devices designed to reduce accidents and ameliorate congestion and traffic hazards. Recreation and Public Open Spaces Another one of the more important matters concerning which the Board decided to give consideration is the organ- ization of a comprehensive system of public open spaces for recreation in proper relation to all other elements that comprise the Town. In studying Lexington's existing recreational areas it was noted that they were inadequate in number, area, and facilities, and that they were not conveniently accessible to many of our residents, children in particular. In this section of my report I am amplify- ing this statement further by discussing my understanding of some of the problems as they exist and setting forth a '* selection of recommendations found in the preliminary long- range park and recreation plan for Lexington. The largest area in town now set aside for recreation. purposes is a single tract of land including what is known as the Center Playground, an area of land along the south branch of Vine Brook toward Middleby Road, and the town. dump. Most of this land was acquired in 1895 from the Lex- ington Water Co. At the Annual Town Meeting in 1905 it was voted to accept the report of a committee appointed to make a study of this land, said report recommending the retaining of this land and developing it into a playground and "public pleasure grounds." It is understood that about five years ago the Planning Board, on the basis of certain studies, decided to recom- mend the laying out of a town way, now known as Worthen Road, beginning at Bedford Street, crossing Massachusetts Avenue, part of the.area described above, Waltham" Street, and Marrett Road, and terminating at Plesant Street near Route 2. In keeping with this decision, and as part of Lexington's master road plan, I have made a study of the extension of the existing section of Worthen Road from Massachusetts Avenue to the partially completed segment of ' Worthen Road northwesterly of Waltham Street. Before this study was made it was recognized what effects any major town road cutting through the centar playground would have 12-31-57 on the area. Accordingly I have made a study of the ' general center playground -high school area as well as all the vacant land between Park Drive and Marrett Road, preparing a preliminary land use plan for the develop- ment of recreational and educational facilities along the entire length of the south branch of Vine Brook. It is proposed that the extension of Worthen Road cross the northwesterly end of the playground next to Lincoln Street to a point close to the foot of the higher land comprising part of the Hayden Recreation Centre, continue across a corner of said Centre's land and past the south- easterly end of the high school football field, and con- nect to the segment of Worthen Road partially completed at the base of Loring Hill. It is proposed also that Park Drive from Lincoln to Clarke Streets be abandoned and that Park Drive be extended from the latter street southeast- wardly along Vine Brook across Middleby Road to connect with the old reservoir lot. These proposals are made with the idea in mind that arrangements could be made wherein, perhaps with other considerations, the land bounded by Lincoln Street, the extension of Worthen. Road, and exist- ing Park Drive could be conveyed to the Centre in exchange for the southeasterly corner of its property to be used for Worthen Road. The Centre would then have additional area for facilities fronting on. Lincoln. Street and be able to have, from the extension of Park Drive, access to the rear of its property where i may be desirable to pro- vide for outdoor recreational activities. Re -channeling of a section of Vine Brook from Clarke Street southeasterly along the extension of Park Drive would enable the Town to replace playground land lost in the laying out of Worthen. Road, and also to add additional land for recreational facilities in the area where it is needed most. As shown on the land use plan referred to above, it is my recommendation that ultimately all the center playground land bounded by Lincoln and Waltham Streets and the exten- sion of Worthen Road be transferred to educational use, and that this playground land be replaced by purchasing all the vacant land between Marrett and Middleby Roads. This recommendation is based on my opinion that the new high school building Lexington is going to need should be located at the end of Clarke Street in. a similar relation- ship to that street as that which now exists between the present high school and Muzzey Street. Both buildings would then be located at the townts geographical center and the citizenst attention, interest, and support devoted, as I believe it should be, to one Lexington High. The re- maining lands between and adjacent to the two buildings could then be developed for athletic and other needs of , the high school. While I have not prepared a detailed site plan for such a scheme, the arrangement of lands and buildings ought to be one of advantage, simplifying ad- 12-31-57 -9- There is an opportur.-"-y in the area contiguous to the old reservoir and on the land between Marrett and Middleby Roads to develop an especially fine town recreation area. In addition to the reservoir itself there is a very fine large and flat area - where, incidentally, the outlines of an old race track are still evident - on which to de- velop a series of excellent athletic fields. It is recom- mended that access to the area be obtained from the pro- posed park drive crossing Middleby Road or from Marrett Road between Lincoln and Middle Streets. In my opinion the land at the dangerous intersection where Marrett Road, Middle Street, and Cary Avenue converge. A central park- ing area could be developed below the present dam with direct access to the park drive. The reservoir itself and the area immediately around it offers a great many possibilities for development. Among these are the improvement of the dam and outlet facilities, the provision of picnic facilities around the pond, the con- struction of several small automobile parking areas from which ready access may be bad to the picnic tables and shore line, the construction of a walk around the reservoir giving additional access to picnic facilities and shore line, the planting of additional trees and vegetation around ministrative problems, and reducing capital outlay and ' maintenance costs. The lands between Worthen and Middleby Roads and beyond to the reservoir could be pleasantly developed and planted for a real park drive as was envisioned in the committee report of over fifty years ago. Access to the proposed drive has already been provided for in the approved pre- liminary subdivision plan for the Loring Hill development. Small play areas with playground apparatus and picnic sites could be developed along the road, with pedestrian access to Lincoln. Street and the Fair Oaks development. At the same time, and most important, the park drive could provide direct access between educational units. The area now occupied by and contiguous to the town dump would, in my judgment, make an excellent site for a second junior high school, a third one being suggested for an area in East Lexington. Among other advantages of be- ing in this area, it would not be necessary to duplicate many of the athletic facilities which could be provided on the nearby high school grounds or town recreation area on the southeasterly side of Middleby Road. Here, on the easterly side of Vine Brook, between the old reservoir land and Middleby Road is an excellent site for an element- ary school. Along part of Vine Brook itself is a 10 -foot wide easement for sewer, drain, and public travel. It is ' proposed to locate Park Drive within said easement to provide the direct connection suggested above. There is an opportur.-"-y in the area contiguous to the old reservoir and on the land between Marrett and Middleby Roads to develop an especially fine town recreation area. In addition to the reservoir itself there is a very fine large and flat area - where, incidentally, the outlines of an old race track are still evident - on which to de- velop a series of excellent athletic fields. It is recom- mended that access to the area be obtained from the pro- posed park drive crossing Middleby Road or from Marrett Road between Lincoln and Middle Streets. In my opinion the land at the dangerous intersection where Marrett Road, Middle Street, and Cary Avenue converge. A central park- ing area could be developed below the present dam with direct access to the park drive. The reservoir itself and the area immediately around it offers a great many possibilities for development. Among these are the improvement of the dam and outlet facilities, the provision of picnic facilities around the pond, the con- struction of several small automobile parking areas from which ready access may be bad to the picnic tables and shore line, the construction of a walk around the reservoir giving additional access to picnic facilities and shore line, the planting of additional trees and vegetation around 12-31-57 the edges of the pond, the erection of light poles for all -year use, the building of a shelter with toilets, storage, and other facilities, and, particularly, the development of the reservoir for fishing. The State Department of Natural Resources has kindly agreed to assist Lexington in developing the reservoir for the latter use. The State Department of Public Health has stated that it would not be in the public interest to use the reservoir for swimming. Even without this use the development of the reservoir and the area around it will round out the facilities of the over-all project which has been described. The purpose of setting forth in some detail the extent of one recreational project and its related elements was to indicate to what degree problems of this nature have been considered. Similar descriptions could be given of other proposals such as the development along Vine Brook from Butterfield Pond to East Street,the area around Willard's Woods, and the Great Meadows. In the first case the Town, uponthe recommendation of the Planning Board, acquired the North Street gravel pit as part of said project. A detailed topographical survey of the pit has been made and additional plans are being prepared for the development of this and contiguous ' areas. In regard to the second proposal, it is certainly hoped that the Town will also support the Board and its staff in their recommendation that the Town purchase the Robinson -Willard property on, the southeasterly side of North. Street. In my opinion this is the finest piece of land of its kind left in Lexington. Preliminary plans have been prepared for its conservation and development. The same can be said for the Great Meadows. I trust the Town will decide at the next Annual Town Meeting to take the first real steps in acquiring this land. The State Dcpartmen.t of Natural Resources has agreed to assist in preparing plans for these and other recreational areas. To have now in hand the solid framework and partial draft of a long-range development plan for Lexington should be reward enough for the work which has gone into the preparation of such a plan. There are greater rewards, however, in working with my associates and fellow citizens of the town who have contributed to our common undertaking. I greatly appreciate their interest and assistance. Respectfully submitted, Planning Director