HomeMy WebLinkAbout1972-02-15-CRA-rpt.pdf PRELIMINARY REPORT OF THE
COMMITTEE TO REVIEW APPOINTMENT
PROCEDURES FOR THE BOARD OF AP-
PEALS, BOARD OF ASSESSORS, TOWN
COUNSEL AND TOWN COMPTROLLER
2/15/72
I SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
The Committee has reviewed the appointment procedures
as requested by Article 11 of the Special Town Meeting
held on June 14, 1971 While Article 11 specified several
appointive positions to be reviewed, the Committee deemed
it appropriate to examine the problem in a broader context
Consequently, we have examined carefully the procedures,
the checks and balances of power in the system, and the
potential problems involved
From such a study, pluses and minuses became ap-
parent
Some of the more positive aspects appear to be
1) Implicit in Article It was the question
of whether the structure of Lexington Town Govern-
ment included sufficient checks and balances of
power The Committee feels that the interaction
between elective and appointive offices, while not
perrect, aoes provlae a reasonably good system for
such checks and balances
2) Current appointors recognize the need for
( 1) objectivity among members of various Boards and
Committees and (2) variety of opinion within each
Board or Committee
3) The quality and dedication of people cur-
rently involved in Lexington' s Town Government is
impressive Disinterest by townspeople in elective
or appointive positions does not seem to be a problem
On the other hand, there are areas where some weak-
nesses in the system appear to be correctable
1) Because all appointments are made by only
seven people (5 Selectmen, Town Moderator, Town
Manager) „there is reason to believe that some highly
qualified residents who would serve if asked, are not
considered This is true even though various other
individuals and groups are consulted before an ap-
pointment is made
2) At the present time it is difficult, if
not impossible, for an interested person to know
(►�� when an appointment is going to be made While it
seems that open questioning of potential appointees
may not be needed or desirable, it does appear that,
4yhen a particular appointment is to be made, it should
be announced in advance and take plane at an open
meeting
3) There is an important question concerning
length of service in a particular appointive position
While background experience, either professional or
in regard to Town functioning is important, considera-
tion must be given to such problems as the potential
build-up of inflexibility and prejudices which can
accumulate over a long period of years in the same
position
4) Because the appointment procedures do not
operate in such a way as to encourage or insure the
reflection of a cross-section of the Town ' s popula-
tion, important segments of the public point of view
are not represented
II RECOMMENDATIONS
While no major changes appear necessary, the Committee
recommends
1) Groups and individuals in Lexington should
be encouraged td supply names of qualified people to
the various appointors (Selectmen, Moderator, Manager)
For example The Town Meeting Members Assoc-
iation should be more active in seeking out information
on ____ _._---_ _..- interests of its Members, and up-
dated lists should be sent to appointors at least once
a year These lists should be made available to TMMA
Members and to the press at the same time they are
sent to the appointors so that the names will be given
close scrutiny before an appointment is made
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The League of Women Voters, the local news-
papers, and other various special interest groups
should be encouraged to be active in this respect also
1 11� When, as, and if, the Lexington Town Manager
ll()JV Act is amended, these informal procedures should be
reviewed to determine whether a formal committee having
a stronger role in suggesting potential appointees is
needed
2) The Selectmen, the Moderator, and the Town
Manager should be more aware of the need for openness
and publicity in making appointments
It is important that the people have the
knowledge of when appointments are to be made and the
opportunity to see the actual appointment take place
Thus we recommend public announcement of
when, and-777-Wit-positions, appointments will be
made and open meetings ror the actual announcement -uf
the appointment-,
We have suggested that a booklet be prepared
and made available to residents of Lexington showing
homed wnen various positions in Town bovernment are
filled Information such as is contained in Appendit
Ar,page 11 could be printed for all elective and ap-
pointive positions
Again, we feel the Town Meeting Members '
Association and such groups as the League of Women
Voters can help
3) Since the Committee is not recommending any
mandatory action or formal change in the appointment
system, it is felt that a Warrant Article would be
inappropriate But since the Committee does feel
strongly about its recommendations, it will ask for
a waiving of the rules at the Annual Town Meeting on
March 20, 1972 to consider a Resolution on items 1) and
1 2)
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We hope to get a sense of the Meeting vote
on the question of availability of candidates and
publicity of appointments so that the Selectmen,
Moderator and Town Manager will know that it is not
just the Committee that feels this way, but the Town
Meeting as well
III INTRODUCTION
The Committee to Review Appointment Procedures for
the Board of Appeals, Board of Assessors, Town Counsel,
and Town Comptroller, was established by a motion under
Article 11 of the 1971 Special Town Meeting of the Town
of Lexington See Appendix B page 12 Article 11 was
a Citizens Article which was requested with a petition
signed by about 250 residents
The motion was passed unanimously at 11 36 PM on
June 14, 1971
The Moderator appointed the Committee on October 14,
1971 Appendix D page 15 lists the members, their ad-
dress and telephone numbers, and their occupations The
first meeting was held on November 2, 1971
IV PURPOSE
Attempts were made at the first few meetings to
establish what we were trying to determine and how broad
our investigation should be
The desire of Article 11 was established to be that
the check and balance system in Lexington should be in-
vestigated in that it might not be correctly weighted,
and that there was a risk that too much power was resting
with too few officials who were difficult to replace
In other words, the balancers of the system (the watch-
dog individuals, Boards and Committees) might be too
closely interwoven so that no one was really able to check
on anyone else
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Article 11 was incomplete in that it did not include
several of the balancing factors For example, the Ap-
propriation Committee, the Capital Expenditure Committee,
and the Permanent Building Committee, all have watchdog
functions as does the Planning Board but they were not
included in our investigation area It would be difficult
to appraise the system if we had not considered them
The Committee decided that while we must concentrate
on the actual appointments mentioned in Article 11, we
would try to review the appointment system as a whole,
particularly in regard to the "watchdog" function of
various groups
It became our purpose to review the system of appoint-
ments now being used in Lexington ' s Town Government and
see that they were such that (1) the best possible people
would most likely be appointed and retained in these ap-
pointed positions, and (2) the appointive procedure was
subject to enough review and checks so that one or a very
few people would find it difficult to control the system
to their own advantage
V PROCEDURES
Three procedures were used to try and accomplish our
purpose
1) Review of the Lexington system of appoint-
ments and the checks and balances of power it includes
Reviewing the General By-Laws of the Town of Lexington
and the Town Manager Act, it became apparent that the
system incorporated many very sensible checks
For example, having the Moderator alone make
appointments might be criticized except that he only
appoints Committees that do not have to do with every-
day operations (Appropriations, Capital Expenditure,
etc ) In addition, he is elected every year for a
one year term
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Another example concerns the Board of Appeals
Appointments are made by the Selectmen, however, new
members have, by tradition, come from the Associate
Members that are appointed for one year terms Thus,
assuming that a group of three Selectmen wanted to
control the Board of Appeals - first they would have to
get re-elected themselves, one each year Second, they
would have to appoint an Associate Member to the Board
of Appeals each year for three years Then after wait-
ing for a year, they presumably could force a present
Member of the Board of Appeals whose term expired, not
to seek reappointment So after five years they could
control the Board of Appeals, assuming the three Members
they appointed attended every meeting It is pretty
far-fetched to believe that this could be accomplished
without a great many people knowing and speaking out
2) Review of other Towns and systems to see what
methods they use that might be incorporated into the
Lexington system
Here the reviews varied all the way from the
small surrounding Towns to various States and the Federal
Government ,1. was fairly quickly evident that most
da"/ techniques were too complicated or extensive to be use-
ful here Several towns do have a formai. committee -co
suggest names to the apppiaors and this was r,ev7,ewed
quite extensively
It was also apparent that no matter how many
checks and balances of power are instituted, the integ-
rity of the appointors is vital and there is no particular
relationship between complicated systems and good ap-
pointments As a matter of fact, it appeared that
complications begat more complications For example,
the extensive review system involved in the appointment
of a Supreme Court Judge has certainly discouraged many
highly qualified people from accepting a nomination
3) Interview the Appointors and Appointees in
Lexington to see how the system does work in practice
and what the local problems or risks actually are
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MEETING OF SELECTMEN AND FORMER STRUCTURE OF TOWN GOVLJ(NMLNA Lvrvi/viiia....
Wednesday, November 8, 4 p m.,Selectmen's Meeting Roar,
TO DISCUSS THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TOWNgMANAGER PLAN
In order to provide a framework in which to evaluate the operation of the Town Manager
Plan we restate the original objectives of the Act we presented.
POLICY MAKING & COORDINATION, CITIZEN PARTICIPATION, RESPONSIVENESS TO
THE ELECTORATE
1 To free the Selectmen from administrative duties to concentrate on broad issues of
public policy , the establishment of priorities and the setting of goals --- allow
them to effect coordination among all aspects of planning' physical, social, economic,
metropolitan and regional They would be able to consider broader planning issues
and to develop more completely integrated policies and programs
2. To Improve liaison among existing boards and committees
3. To provide quicker and more affective implementation of plans and policies
4. To increase the effectiveness of appointed boards and commissions and attract a wider
spectrum of volunteers to serve on them by relieving them of time-consuming adminis-
trative concerns
5 . To strengthen the Town Meeting by providing through the Town Manager a continuous
source of information and analysis of town operations and a specified agent responsible
for implementing and reporting on actions directed by the Town Meeting
6 To provide a central focal point to which the average citizen could turn for assistance
and information
IMPROVEMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE OPERATING EFFICIENCY
1, To coordinate operating departments
2 . To coordinate planning for the use of equipment
3 To centralize services such as duplicating, addressing and mailing
4. To centralize purchasing, maintenance and personnel; management
' S To develop a more integrated financial operation including early preparation and
submission of budgets
6. To strengthen legal and inspection services
7. To establish a central repository for data , studies , reports and minutes
8 To provide staff support and a communications channel to citizen boards , committees
and commissions
AGENDA
I DISCUSS THE ISSUE ARE THE ABOVE STATED OBJECTIVES BEING MET?
II IF NOT, CAN WE IDENTIFY THE REASONS ?
{ A Ambiguity in the Act (intent of framers not clear) ?
B Intent clear but provision or requirement not feasible in operation ?
C . Intent clear but in conflict with general laws and by-laws and resolution not
readily apparent?
D. Lack of staff?
E Other reasons ?
III. DISCUSSION OF POSSIBLE MECHANISMS FOR HANDLING PROBLEMS IDENTIFIED ABOVE
Most of the Committee ' s time was spent talking
with Members of the Board of Appeals, Board of Assessors,
and Board of Selectmen and to the Town Counsel, Town
Comptroller and Moderator These interviews usually
lasted several hours and the subjects ranged widely over
the whole area of procedures and appointments
In addition, Members of other groups and Com-
mittees were contacted to see if they had anything to
ask or contribute
VI FINDINGS
1) Qualifications of Appointees
One of the most apparent problems in requirements
for appointment was the difference between technical know-
ledge of an area (Town Counsel, Town Comptroller) versus
the broad knowledge of the Town of Lexington (Board of Ap-
peals) Another difference was between an appointment the
appointor had to work with every day (Town Counsel appointed
by Selectmen) versus an appointment quite remote from every
day operations (Board of Assessors appointed by Selectmen)
Finally, there was the difference between providing a point-
of-view (a conservative or liberal voice on the Appropriations
Committee) versus appointments for specific knowledge of a
subject (knowledge of real estate on Board of Assessors)
The appointors generally were very knowledgeable
about why'£fey chose certain people for certain positions
(Board of Appeals - long experience in the affairs of
Lexington and ob-lectivity Board of Assessors - experience
in appraising real estate) They also were fairly consistent
in their claim to try and appoint qualified-experienced-
objective people
The appointees in several instances could not
remember or did not know why or how they got appointed
They were willing to talk about the qualifications that
they thought were necessary for serving and some were con-
sulted and made suggestions on new appointments (Chairman
of Board of Appeals and Board of Assessors)
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Generally, we found them dedicated, fairly ob-
jective and adament that the system as it was did an
excellent job and should not be changed Their knowledge
of who was available for appointment and who might do an
excellent job was generally limited to those they knew
well or with whom they had worked
The people we spoke with had combined experience
in the operations of Lexington that was impressive but
their awareness of how their decisions had changed, if
at all, over a period of time as Lexington changed, was
limited
2) Re-appointment Procedures
This was one area where there was disagreement
among the people interviewed by the Committee aridawithin the
Committee itself An attitude that, "If the person does ,n
an adequate job and appears to be capable of continuing lr'
in the appointment he is reappointed" , prevailed among
the appointors Relatively little comparison was done
at the time of re-appointment to see how the incumbent
compared with available "new" candidates
The attitude differed in regard to re-appointment
depending on the Board or Committee involved In some
positions the length of time served did not seem to matter
to the appointor or appointee (Board of Appeals) , whereas
in others it did (Appropriation Committee)
Finally the appointees without fail felt that
length of service had nothing to do with ability to serve
and nothing to do with ability to continue to perform
Most felt that since background knowledge and experience
were so imvortant, the years of doing t lob were
helpful and rarely harmful
Most appointees also felt that since the positions
were filled without pay (not true of Counsel & Comptroller)
or with small pay, that attrition would take care of the
problem of longevity
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Practically no instances were shown where re-
appointment was not made when the appointee wanted to
be appointed again The cases that were shown were quite
obvious and represented extreme circumstances
3) Objectivity
Both appointees and appointors indicated great
reliance on objectivity However, many when requested
to suggest names, had a preference for someone they had
worked with before, and knew well
4) Methods Used in Making Appointments
The procedures for making appointments were quite
informal and varied only to the extent of consulting with
other active people in Lexington Generally speaking the
procedure was
(1) Indicate to the Chairman of the Committee
or Board that appointments were necessary
(2) Consult with other active elected or ap-
pointed people
(3) Consult with local groups such as TMMA, L W V ,
Conservation Group, Historical Society, etc
(4) Consult with others who would know the people
in "Town with qualifications necessary for the ap-
pointive position
(5) Construct a list of potential candidates
(6) Narrow the list down by gradual elimination
of names either through further consultation or
direct interview
(7) Interview those remaining candidates not al-
ready well known to appointor
(8) Determine which of the remaining candidates
would be willing to serve if asked Usually through
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knowledge of a person or by specific request
of the person or group suggesting the name
(9) Consider the needs of the Committee or
Board as to "point of view" , objectivity,
technical knowledge, etc
(10) Ask appointee to accept appointment
To what degree any of the above steps were followed
depended on the availability of potential candidates, and
the importance of the appointment
After an appointee had accepted, the appointment was
announced in various ways Usually the Selectmen ' s ap-
pointments were announced in their agenda for a regular
meeting and the appointment was announced at the meeting
Other appointments were announced through the local news-
paper and on the bulletin board at the Town Offices. In
most respects the publicity as to when an appointment would
be made and who was actually appointed was very limited
VII ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The Committee wishes to thank all of the people who
so willingly gave of their time to help us understand the
appointive procedures in Lexington Particular thanks go
to the appointors (Chairman of Selectmen, Moderator and
Town Manager) and the appointees (Chairman of Board of Ap-
peals, Chairman of Board of Assessors, Town Counsel and
Town Comptroller)
Without their cooperation our job would have been
extremely difficult and our understanding much more limited
Respectfully submitted,
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APPENDIX A
APPOINTMENT INFORMATION
APPOINTMENT APPOINTOR
Term Approx Method of
of Date of Attaining
Position f Members Appointment Appointment Position # Involved Position
Staggered-
Board of 5 Members 5 year terms April Selectmen 5 Elected for stag-
gered 3 year basins
Appeals 5 Associate 1 year terms April Selectmen 5 Elected for stag-
Members gered 3 year+Erms
Board of 3 Members Staggered Town Manager 1 Appointed by
Assessors 3 year terms April Selectmen for
1 year
Town 1 Person 1 year term April Selectmen 5 Elected for stag-
Comptroller gered 3 year
terms
Town 1 Person 1 year term April Selectmen 5 Elected for stag-
Counsel gered 3 year
term
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APPENDIX B
ARTICLE CREATING COMMITTEE
ARTICLE 11 AS PASSED AT THE SPECIAL TOWN MEETING HELD ON JUNE 14 1971
Article 11 Presented by Weiant Wathen-Dunn
MOTION That the subject matter of Article 11 be referred
for study to a committee consisting of nine (9)
members to be appointed by the Moderator, of whom
at least three (3) shall be registered voters in
the Town who are neither employed by the Town nor
holders of any Town office, either elective or ap-
pointive said committee to report its conclusions
and recommendations to a subsequent Town Meeting
not later than the 1972 Annual Town Meeting 11:33 PM
;(Article 11 as it appears in the warrant for the
Special Town Meeting of June 14, 1971
ARTICLE 11 To see whether the Town will instruct
the Selectmen to petition the General Court for the
enactment of legislation, to take effect on the last
day of June immediately following its enactment,
amending section 2 of chapter 753 of the Acts of 1968
by adding at the end of the said section 2 the fol-
lowing
(i) Appointments of members of the board of
appeals, board of assessors, town comptroller, and
town counsel shall be effective only after approval
by the town meeting, or by a committee of town meeting
members established by the town meeting for the pur-
pose of reviewing such appointments Any vote of the
town meeting establishing such a committee shall provide
a method for selecting its members from time to time,
and shall authorize and direct such committee to meet
as required in order to carry out its duties expeditious-
ly Any such vote may further define the manner in
which such committee shall be constituted and shall
carry out its duties )
Motion, as presented by Weiant Wathen-Dunn declared carried
unanimously 11 36 PM
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APPENDIX C
PUBLICITY OF COMMITTEE
1) Appointment of Committee was announced by Moderator through
local newspaper on October 14, 1971
2) The Committee requested public participation through the
local newspaper on December 30, 1971 A copy of the
article is attached
3) All Committee meetings were held in the Town Offices in
either Room 111 or Room G15 A copy of a typical notice
which was posted in the Town Office at least twenty-four
hours in advance of the meeting, is attached All ten of
the Committee ' s meetings were open to the public
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APPENDIX C - Attachment 1
Committee Solicits
Opinions of Townspeople
On Appointment Process
Under Article 11 of the Warrant have included all town boards.
for the June 14 Special Town rather than just those specifically
Meeting, a committee has been mentioned in the committee s•
named to review and study the ap- charge, in an attempt to attain the.
pointment procedure of the Board broadest views possible Now,
of Appeals.the Board of Assessors, private citizens and organizations.
Town Comptroller and Town are invited to make their views,
Counsel. concerns.and experiences,regard-
One purpose of the committee is ing the appointment of town offi-
to determine the feasibility and cials. known to the committee.
desirability of introducing formal Those wishing to do so are urged to
or informal checks and balances to contact Chairman Frank T Par
appointive offices. rather than the rish. 5 Juniper p1. or Arthur Bur
indirect one implied in the election rell. Mary Louise Burn, Patricia
of the Board of Selectmen and Hagedorn. John Marvell, George
moderator McCormack, Stephen Politi. Sam
The committee has been meeting Silverman. or Weiant Wathen-
weekly since November 2 and to Dunn
date has talked with moderator and The next meeting of the commit-
former Selectmen Chairman Lin- tee which is open to the public.
coin P Cole,Jr Board of Appeals will be held on December 29 at 7 30
Chairman Donald Nickerson.Com- p.m in Room 111 of the Town Of-
ptroller Richard Perry and Town lice Budding
Counsel Donald Legro.Discussions
APPENDIX C - Attachment 2
NOTICE of MEETING
Committee to Au-Point -nbers of Boards, Comptroller
and To' 'n Counsel
The next meeting of the Committee will be held on
Saturday, February 26, 1972 at 2 00 PM in Room 111 at the
Town Office Building / /
Frank T Parrish, Jr '
Chairman i
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APPENDIX D
MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE
NAME ADDRESS OCCUPATION TELEPHONE
Arthur Burrell 2 Thoreau Road Insurance 861-0271
Lexington Advisor
Mary Louise Burri 14 Holland Street Home-maker 862-7233
Lexington
John T Harvell 131 Burlington Street Engineer 862-4423
Lexington
Patricia K. Hagedorn 17 Fiske Road Lawyer 862-9172
(Secretary ) Lexington
George F MpCormack 32 Hayes Lane Construction 862-5832
Lexington Superintendent
Frank T Parrish, Jr 5 Juniper Place Investments 862-2423
(Chairman) Lexington
Stephen Politi 25 Deering Avenue Law student 862-7127
Lexington
Samuel Silverman 18 Ingleside Road Physicist 861-0368
Lexington
Weiant Wathen-Dunn 44 Maple Street Physicist 862-0943
Lexington
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