HomeMy WebLinkAboutDraft #6 NCD Bylaw, May 15 2017 1
D R A F T #6 May 15, 2017
PIERCE-LOCKWOOD
NEIGHBORHOOD CONSERVATION DISTRICT
DRAFT BYLAW
1. PURPOSE
Per Chapter 78 of the Code of Lexington, this Bylaw describes the regulations and
procedures associated with the administration of the Pierce-Lockwood Neighborhood
Conservation District (NCD). The goals of the NCD are to preserve the architectural
style and general size of the homes, the closeness of the neighborhood, and to
emphasize the role this area played in the historical development of Lexington. The
goals can best be described with the words, "coherence," "proportion," "and aesthetics."
Coherence may be defined as having a sense of logical interconnectedness,
consistency and harmony among parts. There is a balance between a home's
uniqueness and its commonality with surrounding houses. This balance is vital to the
neighborhood's palpable and pleasing identity that we wish to preserve. Architectural
changes must maintain a "harmony among parts, as well as a consistency with the
architectural style of the surrounding homes.
Proportion may be defined as having a comparative proper relation between elements
or magnitudes such as size, quantity, ratio, number, etc. A change in size leading to a
large massing in relation to surrounding homes' size means, taken as a whole, the
house is out of proportion to the neighborhood. Further, an addition that creates large
massing can create indefinability of its original shape, affecting its aesthetics.
Aesthetics may be characterized as having a reverence for what's beautiful and what
represents the history of the area. A neighborhood's sense of beauty is indeed its
homes' uniqueness within commonality and includes considerations such as shape,
original windows, open porches and landscaping that fits within the natural beauty
surrounding the Pierce-Lockwood NCD. It is defined by the history of the area, its
relationship to the east Village historic district and to historical Lexington. The NCD
considers all of these, not singly, but rather in combination with the aim to fulfill the
stated goals of the NCD.
2. DEFINITIONS
The following definitions per Chapter 78 shall apply:
Alteration - any change to the exterior of a Building, Structure or Setting, or part
thereof, including construction, demolition, moving, reconstruction, rehabilitation,
removal, replication, restoration, similar activities, or significant changes to the site itself.
2
Building - a combination of materials forming a shelter for persons, animals or property.
Building Commissioner - the Building Commissioner of the Town of Lexington.
Certificate of Compatibility - a form created and issued by the NCD Commission
under this Bylaw which states that a proposed plan for Construction of Alterations to a
Building, Structure or Setting within an NCD meets the Regulations and Guidelines
adopted for that NCD, and which is signed by that NCD Commission's chair or other
officially delegated person responsible for its issuance.
Certificate of Non-Applicability - a form created and issued by the NCD Commission
under this Bylaw, which states that proposed changes to a Building, Structure, or
Setting within an NCD are not subject to review under this Bylaw, and which is signed
by that NCD Commission's Chair or other officially designated person.
Certificate of Hardship - a form created and issued by the NCD Commission under
this Bylaw, which states that owing to conditions especially affecting the Building or
Structure, but not affecting the NCD generally, failure to issue a Certificate of
Compatibility would result in a substantial hardship to the applicant, and that such
application may be approved without substantial detriment to the public welfare and
without substantial derogation from the intent and purposes of the NCD, and which must
be signed by that NCD Commission's chair or other officially designated person.
Construction - the erection of a new Building or Structure.
Demolition - the act of pulling down, destroying, removing, or razing a Building or
Structure or any substantial portion thereof or the act of commencing the work of total or
substantial destruction with the intent of completing the same. "Demolition" as used
herein shall be deemed to include Demolition by Neglect.
Demolition by Neglect - a process of ongoing damage to the fabric, viability or
functionality of an unoccupied Building leading towards or causing its eventual
demolition due to decay, structural failure or severe degradation over a period of time as
a result of a general lack of maintenance; failure to secure the Building from pests or
vandals; or failure to take reasonable measures to prevent the ingress of water, snow,
ice, and wind through the roof, walls, or apertures.
Exterior Architectural Features - such portions of the exterior of a Building or
Structure, including but not limited to the architectural style and general arrangement
and Setting thereof; the type and texture of exterior Building materials; and the type and
style of windows, doors, lights, signs and other appurtenant fixtures.
Guidelines - advisory guidelines, duly adopted under this Bylaw, to guide the review of
proposed Construction or Alteration within a particular designated NCD.
3
Historical Commission - the Lexington Historical Commission.
Neighborhood Conservation District or NCD - a district approved by Town Meeting
for those properties within a NCD Area that are not Opted Out Properties.
NCD Area - the total geographic area covered by all of the properties studied under
each Section 3 Study.
NCD Commission - a public body established under this Bylaw with the authority to
review and approve or disapprove proposed Construction or Alteration to a Building,
Structure, or Setting in the NCD for compatibility with the Design Guidelines established
for that NCD. A separate NCD Commission shall be established for each designated
NCD.
Opted Out Properties - properties in NCD Areas which shall be excluded from a NCD
designation in accordance with Section 3(e).
Petition - a document signed by at least 10 Property Owners, one signature per
property, of a neighborhood stating the desire of the Property Owners to form a NCD,
and including the supporting materials required to initiate the study process by which a
NCD is established.
Planning Board - the Lexington Planning Board.
Property Owner - an owner of a property as listed on the Town of Lexington's property
tax rolls at the relevant time.
Regulations - mandatory regulations which describe the authority vested in the NCD
Area's NCD Commission, duly adopted under Chapter 78 of the Code of Lexington.
Report - the document prepared by a Study Committee recommending favorable or
unfavorable action on a Petition to establish a NCD.
Setting - the characteristics of the site of a Building, Structure or undeveloped property,
including, but not limited to, placement and orientation of the Building or Structure, and
vegetation and landscaping.
Structure - a combination of materials other than a Building, including a sign, fence,
wall, terrace, walk or driveway.
Study Committee - a group of five people appointed to review, recommend or reject a
Petition to create a NCD, as described in Section 3(c), or amend an existing NCD, as
contemplated in Section 3(i) of Chapter 78, the Code of Lexington.
Temporary Structures - structures which have no permanent foundation, and are
intended to remain on a property only for a brief period of time, not to exceed 60 days.
4
Additional NCD Definitions:
HDC - Historic Districts Commission
3. DESIGNATION OF THE PIERCE-LOCKWOOD NCD
Having held a neighborhood meeting on October 24, 2015 to discuss the possibility of
creating a NCD based on the possible passage of Article 29 by the spring 2016
Lexington Town Meeting; and
Having a follow-up neighborhood meeting on October 13, 2016, to obtain signatures for
the required petition and to discuss potential guidelines for the NCD after the successful
passage of Article 29; and
Having submitted a successful petition to the Historical Commission on October 19,
2016 in which the architectural features and size of the NCD Area homes; the closeness
of the neighborhood; and the affordability of the NCD Area homes (in Lexington's terms)
were described; and
Having had a NCD Study Committee, composed of a Planning Board representative, a
Historical Commission representative, and three neighborhood representatives
appointed by the Town Manager on December 22, 2016; and
Having submitted a Final Report to the Historical Committee and the Planning Board
and participated in a joint Public Hearing on during which it was
determined that the approval of the NCD should be submitted to Town Meeting; and
Having 75% of the Property Owners "Opting in" to the NCD; and
Having been approved by the 2017 fall Town Meeting, this NCD Bylaw is enacted.
4. NCD COMMISSIONS
Membership of the Commission:
Per Chapter 78, following Town Meeting approval of the NCD designation and the
recording of a boundary map of the NCD at the Middlesex Registry of Deeds, a NCD
Commission shall be appointed and shall consist of five members and two alternates.
One member and one alternate shall be appointed by the Historical Commission and
one member shall be appointed by the Planning Board. Three members and one
alternate shall be residents of the NCD, to be appointed by the Town Manager. When
reasonably possible, the NCD Commission shall include an architect, historic
preservationist or landscape architect.
5
Term Length of Commission Members: Members and alternates of the NCD
Commission shall initially be appointed for staggered terms, and to two-year terms
thereafter. Members who are residents of the NCD shall initially be appointed to
staggered terms, and to three-year terms thereafter. Each NCD commission member or
alternate may continue to serve in office after the expiration of his/her term until a
successor is duly appointed.
Meetings with Property Owners: The NCD Commission shall meet twice annually
and by request of an NCD member. Members of the NCD are encouraged to request
an informal discussion at a formal meeting to discuss possible plans for alterations to
their property prior to initiating a formal review.
Amendments to this Bylaw: Amendments to a NCD, including changes to
Regulations, Guidelines, and the boundaries of the affected NCD, may be proposed by
petition of 2/3 of the Property Owners in the NCD, one signature per property, by the
NCD Commission, by the Historical Commission, or by the Planning Board. Upon
receipt of a written request for any such amendment, the Historical Commission shall
hold a public hearing, notifying all Property owners in the NCD and all property owners
within 100 feet of the NCD, at the address for such owners as listed in the then current
real estate tax list of the Board of Assessors. Within 30 days of such public hearing, the
Historical Commission, by majority vote, shall determine whether the proposed
amendments would be appropriate and may, at its option, appoint a Study Committee in
the manner described in Chapter 78, Section 3(c) to prepare a report with its
recommendations. If the Historical Commission deems that the proposed changes are
within the scope of the original Study, the Historical Commission shall bring the
proposed amendments to Town Meeting for approval by majority vote. If the Historical
Commission finds that significant changes are being proposed, the process outlined in
Chapter 78, beginning in Section 3(d) shall then be followed.
Dissolution of a NCD: The dissolution of a NCD may be proposed by petition of the
Property Owners in the NCD, one signature per property, that constitute 67% of all
Property Owners in the NCD. Upon receipt of a written request for any such dissolution,
the Historical Commission shall hold a public hearing, notifying all Property Owners in
the NCD, at the address for such owners as listed in the then current real estate tax list
of the Board of Assessors. Within 30 days of such public hearing, the Historical
Commission, by majority vote, may, at its option, appoint a Study Committee in the
manner described in Chapter 78, Section 3(c) and shall prepare a report with its
recommendations. The Historical Commission shall then forward a NCD bylaw
dissolution article to the Selectmen for consideration at Town Meeting for approval by
majority vote.
Expenses: All expenses of notice and advertisement for the establishment,
modification, or dissolution of an NCD shall be borne by the petitioners.
5. NCD REVIEW PROCESS
6
a. When an application for a Building Permit is filed, the Building Department will notify
the applicant that the property is subject to the NCD regulations and guidelines.
Application will then be made to the NCD for review.
b. In addition to the application, such plans, elevations, specifications, photographs,
description of materials and other information as may be reasonably be deemed
necessary by the NCD Commission to enable it to make a determination will be
required.
c. Except as otherwise provided in this Bylaw, or in the Regulations and Guidelines of a
NCD, no Building, Structure, or Setting within a NCD shall be Constructed, Demolished,
or Altered unless exempt from review, and no permit shall be issued for such
construction, Demolition, or Alteration, unless the NCD Commission shall first have
issued a Certificate of Compatibility, a Certificate of Non-Applicability, or a Certificate of
Hardship.
Exempt from Review, Either through Chapter 78 or Guidelines of the NCD
1) Temporary structures,
2) Interior alterations,
3) Storm windows, storm doors, and screens,
4) Changes in exterior color,
5) Accessory Buildings of less than 120 square feet of floor area and less than
10 feet in height,
6) Alterations and Exterior Architectural Features that are not visible from a public
way or other areas open to public access, including but not limited to, public streets,
a public way, a public park or a public body of water,
7) Ordinary maintenance, repair or replacement in kind of Exterior Architectural and
Landscaping Features or changes made to meet requirements deemed by the
Building Commissioner to be necessary for public safety because of an unsafe or
dangerous condition, or
8) Changes explicitly permitted by other laws, including but not limited to laws
related to Zoning, Subdivision Control, and Fair Housing
9) Skylights and solar panels installed in the same plane, and in close contact with,
the plane of the roof,
10) Fences four feet high or less and their equal-height entry gates;
11) Handicapped-accessible ramps.
d. Any property Owner may request, and the NCD Commission shall issue, a
Certificate of Non-Applicability for any Construction or Alteration that is exempt from the
review of the NCD Commission pursuant to the foregoing.
Subject to Review:
1) Alterations to Buildings or Structures including, but not limited to, current roof
lines, additions, style and size of windows, and the enclosure of porches,
2) Alterations to Buildings or Structures which might require the issuance of a
variance from the, then current, zoning bylaws of the Town,
7
3) Proposals to change the orientation of the Building or Structure in relation to its
current position on the street,
4) Installation of solid fences that would extend beyond the corners of the Building
or Structure toward the street
5) Additions of garages and additional paved parking areas.
e. Once an application has been submitted to the Chair, a determination by the Chair
will be made within 14 days as to whether a formal review is required.
If a review is required, the NCD Commission shall hold a public hearing within 45 days
of the original filing date.
f. Public notice of the time, place and purpose of the hearing shall be given at least 14
days prior to the hearing date by publication in a newspaper of general circulation in the
Town and by conveying said notice to the applicant and all owners of properties within
100 feet of the property, at the address for such owners as listed in the then current real
estate tax list of the Boards of Assessors, all at the expense of the applicant.
g. Following the close of the public hearing, the NCD Commission shall determine
whether the proposed Construction or Alteration is compatible with the Regulations and
Guidelines outlined in this Bylaw. If the proposal is deemed compatible, a Certificate of
Compatibility will be issued. A Certificate of Compatibility may also be issued with
stated conditions. The applicant will then be given the opportunity to bring the proposal
into full compliance with the conditions as stated in the Certificate of Compatibility's
conditions.
h. If the NCD Commission determines that the proposal is not compatible, the
Commission shall provide the applicant with a written statement of the reasons for its
disapproval.
i. A Certificate of Hardship may be issued if the NCD Commission determines that,
owing to conditions especially affecting the Building or Structure, but not affecting the
NCD generally, failure to issue a Certificate of Compatibility would result in a substantial
hardship to the applicant and that such application may be approved without substantial
detriment to the public welfare and without substantial derogation from the intent and
purposes of the NCD; provided that upon elimination of the hardship condition, any
incompatible Construction or Alteration shall promptly be removed.
j. If the NCD fails to issue a Certificate or statement of disapproval within 60 days after
the filing of the application, or such further time as the applicant may allow in writing, the
Certificate shall be deemed granted.
k. The NCD Commission shall within seven-days file with the Building Commissioner
copies of all Certificates issued by it as well as any determinations of disapproval.
6. DECISION CRITERIA
8
a. In passing upon matters before it, the NCD commission will consider:
1) the architectural, aesthetic, social and historical value and significance of the
particular Buildings, Structures and Settings affected, as well as the effects of the same
on the NCD. Retaining the basic bungalow, Dutch colonial and Federal colonial style of
the existing homes, including window and door styles, roof lines, and open front porches
will be significant considerations in any decisions. Architectural changes such as
windows, front doors, exterior siding, garage doors, and roofing materials shall be
replaced in kind; chosen for an increase in historical accuracy; or at the very least,
compatible with abutting properties. The installation of solid fences which would
essentially "wall off" a home from the neighborhood will be strongly discouraged.
2) the suitability of the Construction's, Alterations' or Setting's general design,
arrangement, and composition of its elements on the distinctive character of the NCD;
the effect on the cohesiveness of the NCD in terms of scale and massing of the
proposed changes relative to nearby Buildings and Structure in the NCD, the type of
construction, style, the textures and materials of the features involved in the
proposed Construction or Alteration; Limiting the size and mass of any proposed
additions, with or without previous additions, will be significant in the decision
regarding proposals. (Changed the previous word, "paramount" to "significant.")
The current location of every house contributes to the cohesiveness and
welcoming atmosphere of the neighborhood, so that a change in the orientation
of the house, making it eligible for a different address, will be strongly
discouraged. Attached garages and increasing the amount of paved surface will
be discouraged and will be significant considerations in the review of proposals.
3) the Setting and landscape characteristics, including their relationship to
the street, topography, and existing vegetation, including mature trees, of the
particular site involved in the Construction or Alteration, as well as the effect of
same on the NCD; Proposed additions shall not shade the abutting properties to
preclude the use of yards for gardens, or unduly shade existing windows or
porches.
4) for demolitions, the Building, Structure, or Setting proposed to replace
those demolished; Plans involving a build-out to current zoning setbacks will be
strongly discouraged, as are additions that reduce green space, back and side
yards. Requests for variances from the then current zoning bylaws, particularly
involving all setback variances will be strongly discouraged. Plans involving a
build-out to current zoning setbacks will be strongly discouraged, as are additions
that reduce green space, back and side yards.
9
5) alterations necessary for conditions of hardship, as contemplated in
Section 5(d)(iii) of Chapter 78; and
6) all such other standards, factors, and matters contained in the
Regulations and Guidelines for the NCD.
b. In making its determination, the NCD Commission shall, among other
things, allow for appropriate architectural diversity and encourage the compatible
updating, expansion and restoration of Buildings and Structures in the NCD
consistent with the distinctive characteristics of the NCD.
c. Although not used as decision-making criteria, the following are suggested
additional guidelines for consideration when planning Alterations to Buildings,
Structures or Settings within the NCD:
1) Discussion with abutters concerning the installation of all allowable
fences is strongly encouraged. Hedges, split rail or picket fences are acceptable
alternatives.
2) Exterior house colors that are consistent with the current neutral tones
of the neighborhood are encouraged.
3) If trees must be removed, the replanting of native, shade trees is highly
encouraged, except where shading will have a negative impact on abutters.
7. HISTORIC DISTRICT COMMISSION
Homes on Mass. Ave. and three homes on Lockwood Rd. are also in the East Village
Historic District and certain alterations are subject to review by the Historic District
Commission. While this may seem incompatible, it is the belief of this NCD that there
are fundamental differences in what is being reviewed by the NCD and the HDC. The
Historic District Commission concentrates its review on the changes that are
inconsistent with the historical architecture and historical nature of the district as a
whole. The NCD, on the other hand, concentrates its review on the impact an alteration
may have on a particular neighborhood. Occasionally the reviews may intersect.
Homeowners who have participated in the HDC process for proposed alterations, and
received a Certificate of Appropriateness, may submit such paperwork and plans to the
NCD Chair for review. In some instances, a Certificate of Non-Applicability can be
issued without further hearings or review. When alterations have been approved by the
HDC, but the NCD review guidelines are substantially different, then the NCD review, as
outlined above, will take place after the HDC review.
10
8. CONFLICT OF INTEREST ISSUES
Due to the small size of this NCD, it is anticipated that there could be conflict of interest
issues when an application by an abutter, or an abutter to an abutter, to one of the NCD
commissioners occurs. When that happens, if there are three remaining members
eligible to consider the application, it will proceed. If there are not three eligible
members, the alternates will be considered in order to create an eligible quorum. If no
eligible quorum can be created, with notification to the NCD, the existing NCD
Commission members will rule on the application.
9. DEMOLITION BY NEGLECT
a. If the NCD Commission has reason to believe, through visual inspection or other
means, that a Building or Structure in the NCD may be undergoing Demolition by
Neglect, then the NCD Commission shall notify the Building Commissioner and the
Property Owner, and the NCD Commission and the Building Commissioner shall jointly
hold a public hearing to determine whether it is undergoing Demolition by Neglect,
which shall require the concurrence of the Building Commissioner. In furtherance of
determining its condition, the NCD Commission may, at any time, request an inspection
of the Building or Structure by the Building Commissioner.
b. If it is determined at the above-mentioned public hearing that Demolition by Neglect
is happening, the NCD Commission and the Building Commissioner shall attempt to
negotiate a voluntary agreement with the Property Owner for appropriate and timely
repairs sufficient to structurally stabilize the Building or Structure and prevent further
deterioration.
c. If a voluntary agreement cannot be negotiated, or that the Property Owner has
agreed to undertake repairs but has failed to satisfactorily complete such repairs in a
timely manner, then the NCD Commission and the Building Commissioner may take
such action as is permitted under Section 7 of this Bylaw, including seeking a court
order that specific repairs be undertaken to secure the Building or Structure against the
elements, vandals and vermin; to halt further deterioration; and to stabilize it structurally.
The NCD Commission may forbear from commencing an action in court for any reason.
d. Upon completion of all repairs that have been negotiated, or that have been ordered
by the NCD Commission and the Building Commissioner, or the court, and upon
certification by the Building Commissioner that said repairs have been completed, the
NCD Commission shall certify that the Building or Structure is no longer undergoing
Demolition by Neglect.
10. JUDICIAL REVIEW AND ENFORCEMENT
11
a. The Building Commissioner shall be charged with the enforcement of this Bylaw and
he/she is authorized to institute any and all proceedings in law or equity, as he/she
deems necessary and appropriate to obtain compliance with the requirements of this
Bylaw, or to prevent violation thereof.
b. Anyone found in violation may be fined not more than $300 for each day such
violation continues, each day constituting a separate offense. In addition, no building
permit shall be issued with respect to any premises upon which a Building or Structure
subject to the provisions of this bylaw has been voluntarily altered or demolished in
violation of this bylaw for a period of two years after the date of the completion of such
demolition or alteration OR the date by which the NCD Commission and the Building
Inspector determined that the property was subject to Demolition by Neglect, whichever
date is later. As used herein "premises" includes the parcel of land upon which the
demolished altered Building or Structure was, or is, located.
c. Any party aggrieved by a NCD Commission determination may, within 20 days after
the filing of the notice of such determination with the Building Commissioner, file a
written request with the NCD Commission for a review by a joint meeting of the
Historical Commission and Planning Board. The Historical Commission and the
Planning Board shall hold a public hearing within 45 days of the request. Public notice
of the time, place and purpose of the hearing shall be given at least 14 days prior to the
hearing date by publication in a newspaper of general circulation in the Town and by
conveying said notice to the applicant and all owners of properties within 100 feet of the
property, at the address for such owners as listed in the then current real estate tax list
of the Board of Assessors, all at the expense of the party aggrieved. The findings of
this joint hearing, which may sustain or overrule the prior decision of the NCD
Commission, shall be filed with the Building Commissioner within 60 days of the
request, and shall be binding on the applicant and the joint committee, unless a further
appeal is sought in a court with jurisdiction.
d. Certificates of Compatibility and Certificates of Hardship shall expire in 18 months,
plus such time as may be required to pursue or await the determination of a judicial
review as provided above, from their date of issuance, if construction has not begun by
such date. Notwithstanding the above, the NCD Commission may grant one or more
extensions, of up to six months each.