HomeMy WebLinkAbout1863-1864 School Committee ReportREPORT
OF THE
SCHOOL COMMITTEE
OF
THE TOWN OF LEXINGTON.
FOR THE YEAR 1863-4.
BOSTON:
PRINTED BY JOHN WILSON AND SON,
5, WATER STREET.
1864.
REPORT
OF THE
SCHOOL COMMITTEE
OF
THE TOWN OF LEXINGTON.
FOR THE YEAR 1863-4.
BOSTON:
PRINTED BY JOHN WILSON AND SON,
5, WATER STREET.
1864.
REPORT.
WE present, as usual at the beginning of our Report, a brief
review of the condition and history of the several schools
through the year.
The FRANKLIN SCHOOL has continued, as for several
years, in the care of Miss FRANCES M. PARKER. The num-
ber of scholars has been small, as it was before, — so small
as to lessen the interest of the school. It has, however,
improved in regularity of attendance, — one of the surest
signs of interest on the part of the pupils ; and has, in all
respects, met our expectations. We note a gain, extending
over several years, in quiet, orderly, and courteous man-
ners in the schoolroom. No class has been prepared this
year for the High School.
The WARREN SCHOOL, Miss ISABELLA CUTTER, has main-
tained its previous good standing, under skilful and faithful
instruction. The year before, there had been in this
school a great and harmful irregularity in attendance.
The evil was commented on at the last annual examination,
and urged on the attention of parents and pupils. We are
happy to report a very marked improvement in this respect
during the year now ended. Through the last term, the
attendance averaged about ninety per cent. Three of the
first class have been examined for admission to the High
School.
4
The BOWDITCH SCHOOL.— At the last annual examination,
the Committee felt called on to comment somewhat point-
edly on the inferiority of this school in respect to scholar-
ship. It has made an evident improvement, approaching,
if not reaching, an equality with the other schools of similar
grade ; and deserves credit, therefore, for an unusually
good year's work. As to numbers, the school continues to
show a tendency to increase. At one time, the number of
pupils has exceeded the seats. The discipline of the school
has also improved ; and, at the close of the year, it made
an appearance in all respects pleasant and commendable.
This school has prepared four for admission to the High
School.
The HOWARD SCHOOL was taught by Miss CLARA WIN-
NING during the spring and fall, and continued to show the
traits of quiet good order, and thorough scholarship, for
which it has been for years distinguished. At the close of
the fall term, Miss Winning resigned her office of teacher,
to the regret of the Committee, who cherish for her a high
respect as a faithful, persevering, and very successful in-
structor, always alert to improve herself, as well as aid her
pupils. Miss MARY E. BLODGETT of Billerica, a young lady
who brought evidence of long and successful practice in
her calling, was appointed to fill the vacant place. The
school has been well governed and well taught through
the winter term ; and made, in all respects, as good an
appearance at the close of the year as could reasonably be
expected so soon after a change of teachers. In the matter
of attendance, there has been a loss as compared with pre-
vious terms. This, we trust, will soon be changed to a
gain. We regret that the teacher who has made so good
a beginning in this school is not to remain.
HANCOCK SUB -PRIMARY. — This school has been esta-
blished, since the beginning of the year, to meet the
5
exigency presented in the last Annual Report ; viz., an
unmanageable excess of pupils in the Primary School.
The room which was left unfinished in the Hancock School-
house was finished, and furnished in accordance with votes
of the town, so as to receive a school of thirty-six pupils.
The expense of preparing the room for the actual sessions
of the school was two hundred and seventy-one dollars.
The arrangements were made with especial reference to
the wants of the little people who were to occupy it ; who
were to be learners in the elements of good manners, of
neat, regular habits, and all the proprieties of the school-
room, at least as much as in letters. Miss SUSAN E. SI-
MONDS, who was appointed to the charge of this school,
seemed to the Committee to be peculiarly gifted with the
qualities most desirable in one who is to have the care of
very little children. Her success justifies the opinion ; and
the company of beginners in the long path of mental and
moral training have been wisely and firmly governed by
the gentlest means, and in the spirit of sympathy for them
which most surely wins at once love and respect.
HANCOCK PRIMARY. — Thus brought down from its em-
barrassing wealth of eighty pupils to the more suitable
size of fifty, this school has most rapidly improved in order
and learning. In the former respect, it is capable of still
farther improvement, and will, we hope, realize it: but, as
it is, it is entitled to the name and praise of being a lively,
cheerful, and successful school ; and its teacher, Miss ELI-
ZABETH D. PARKER, deserves the approval and gratitude of
parents and Committee. In this school, ten pupils were
neither absent nor tardy during the last term.
HANCOCK GRAMMAR. — At the close of the preceding
year, the teacher, who had most ably conducted this school
for four years, left. Urged by some considerations besides
their high estimate of her ability, the Committee appointed
r
6
Miss ABBY C. STETSON, not without feeling some doubt
whether one so little tried in the duties and difficulties of
the schoolroom would succeed in making good, even mode-
rately, the place of so capable a teacher as Miss HOYTT.
We are glad to say, that we think Miss STETSON has suc-
ceeded well. It was to be expected that the effects of the
change would be felt and seen in some respects disadvan-
tageously ; but Miss STETSON has so earnestly and courage-
ously met the difficulties of her position this first year, as
to warrant the highest expectations of her future success.
At the fall examination, the school appeared well: at the
end of the year, it appeared very well. The first class, of
twelve, have been examined for admission to the High
School, and were found in a good state of preparation.
One, detained from the examination by illness, will make
the whole number going from this to the High School, this
year, thirteen.
ADAMS PRIMARY. — This school suffered interruption
twice by the illness of the teacher in the winter term.
Though its sessions were continued during the longer
interruption by a substitute, there could hardly help being
a loss in the amount of progress. At the closing examina-
tion, the order was exceedingly good; and all the exercises
showed thoroughness in what had been accomplished.
ADAMS GRAMMAR. — Under Mr. MARSTON, this school con-
tinued in the good ways established the year before, with
every prospect of a happy and successful year's study.
This was suddenly destroyed by Mr. MARSTON'S acceptance
of an appointment to a school in West Cambridge, when
the fall term had just begun. The Committee received
only one day's notice of Mr. MARSTON'S intention to leave.
As soon as possible, they procured another teacher,— one
who brought perfectly satisfactory testimonials of his quali-
fications and success for years as a teacher. Unfortunately,
7
Mr. CUMMINGS did not obtain either the good -will of his pu-
pils, or a general approval and sympathy from the people.
Consequently, though evidently well qualified to teach
under more favorable circumstances, the relation was
unsatisfactory on both sides ; and, at his own request, he
was released at the end of the term.
Mr. WILLIAM P. BENNETT was appointed for the winter
term. Under his care, the school rapidly regained the
ground it had lost. The admirable influence which Mr.
BENNETT exerted, and the universal affection inspired in
his pupils by his kind, firm, and conscientious treatment,
render it a cause of exceeding regret that he is not to
remain ; while the best wishes of all follow him to a new
and more remunerative field of labor.
The HIGH SCHOOL. — As we have said before, there is no
need to praise this school. The people have so fully shown
their interest and approval by attendance at its examina-
tions, as well as in other and more substantial ways, that
we may consider it already as much admired as we could
wish. The school has not been resting on its laurels ; but,
in various ways, the accomplished principal has labored to
add to its apparatus and methods of exciting the praise-
worthy ambition of its pupils, and an eager love of learning.
At the end of the spring term, when no formal examination
has been customary, a set of written questions was pre-
pared by the Committee, and given to the school in such a
way as to subject all to an equal and searching test of their
thoroughness in the studies of the term. The answers
were also in writing ; and the papers containing them were
carefully and with much labor reviewed by the Committee,
and marked according to the correctness, fulness, and neat-
ness of the work ; and these marks were made a part of the
basis for determining the rank of the pupils. These papers
were highly creditable, as a whole, to the scholarship of
1
8
the pupils. During the last term, two papers or literary
journals have been edited by selected pupils, and filled
with original compositions by present and past members
of the school.
At the end of the year, in addition to the day usually
given to examination, a half-day was assigned for closing -
exercises by the graduating class. These exercises were
listened to, by a large audience, with profound interest.
Twelve pupils received diplomas, certifying to their fulfil-
ment of the course prescribed for the school.
Miss MARION A. FISK, a member of this class, died early
in the last term : the first instance of the kind, so far as
now remembered, during the existence of the school.
We call attention to what we believe to be the unprece-
dented rate of average attendance during the year, — very
near ninety-nine per cent in the spring term, ninety-nine
and three-fifths per cent in the fall term, and ninety-six
and two-thirds per cent in the winter. The record is
equally pleasant as an evidence of the zeal and perseve-
rance and of the general good health of the pupils.
GENERAL REVIEW.
The Committee think there is a growing sentiment of
unity among the schools ; causing them to think of them-
selves as parts of a whole, rather than as wholly independ-
ent schools ; producing a mutual interest that is at once
friendly and emulous, and giving them. a central object of
anticipation and effort in the completion of the course at
the High School. This feeling, under wholesome direction,
we consider very advantageous. The plan of studies is
intended to foster it ; each school being made to think of
itself as incomplete by itself, and looking to the next grade
as the natural and proper aim of its special hopes and
9
efforts. It is desirable, and intended, that the Grammar
Schools shall afford a complete course in those elementary
branches which are most essential for the ordinary, practi-
cal wants of life ; so that those who are unable to pursue
their studies farther shall not fail of that privilege of
education which it is the first object of our schools to
secure to all. At the same time, we wish to cultivate the
ambition which presses forward to a longer and wider
course of study, with the generous and wise sentiment
which covets knowledge for its own sake, — the same
sentiment which makes it the almost universal desire of
parents in this land to give their children a good education.
We have endeavored to arrange such a course for the Higli
School as will give some room for choice, according to the
tastes and future plans of the pupils ; and, at the same
time, lay the foundation, in a carefully learned elementary
knowledge, for the continued progress of the pupils after
leaving school, if their inclinations and opportunities allow
them to go on with their studies. It is better to have a
little well learned, than much so imperfectly mastered as
to be easily and soon forgotten,
SCHOOL -BOOKS.
We have made few changes in school -books ; and, such
as have been made, we have tried to effect in such a way as
to cause very little, if any, increased expense to the pupils.
We know that changes are not always improvements ; but
it is as certain that a new interest is sometimes awakened
by a change of text -books, which more than compensates
for the small cost. It is not in buying new books for chil-
dren that the danger of profusion is to be found ; and the
apparatus of juvenile instruction is not the spot where
economy should begin.
2
V"
10
DISCIPLINE.
We have not had many occasions to think particularly of
this branch of school -training during the past year. In
regard to two-thirds of the schools, no complaint either of
severity or laxity has reached the Committee ; and from
the rest, only so much (with one exception) as serves well
to refresh our minds as to the never-ending difficulty of
doing the right thing always in this respect. This part
of the work taxes the teacher's powers more severely than
all the rest; and, for perfect success, requires a combination
of natural and acquired faculties seldom found. It is not
success, in this respect, simply to secure good order in the
schoolroom : but to do this by the use of the best means ;
by moral strength producing in the pupils the right feeling
in regard to it ; to infuse a temper of cheerful and intelli-
gent submission to the principles of order and propriety,
not only as far as to the door of the schoolroom, but to the
outermost limits of the school, — this is one of the rarest
as well as one of the most precious triumphs of the
teacher's patience, wisdom, and skill. We desire to reduce
the amount of corporal punishment of all kinds to the nar-
rowest possible limits. We uphold a teacher in resorting
to this, when all better means fail ; but the very need is
sign of failure, in some measure, to govern well. No
teacher should be satisfied to remain in that stage which
necessitates the use of physical pain to keep children in
order ; but, so long as this is the case, should feel that
there is something yet to be gained. Better by far is the
wise caution which prevents the kindling of the conflagra-
tion, than the water which extinguishes it after it is raging.
On the other hand, parents are bound to do their utmost
to aid the teacher in this great work, by most seriously
enjoining on their children a perfect and cheerful compli-
11
ance with all the laws of the school. A very little neglect
on the part of parents, a very little natural but unwise pre-
judice for their children, and against the teacher, is enough
to redouble the difficulty of the teacher's work, and often
to render it wholly unsuccessful. We do not want mere-
ly to restrain the young from misconduct ; but, by all wise
and good influences, to train them to the love and practice
of every pure and honorable habit. In this work, the most
prudent, forbearing, and kind co-operation of teachers, pa-
rents, and Committee, will prove no more than the end in
view requires, and is worth. That the young can be won
by kindness, and controlled by gentle firmness, we have
abundant evidence.
TRUANCY.
At the annual town -meeting, the attention of the citizens
was called to the provisions of the State law requiring
towns to make suitable rules and regulations for the
prevention of truancy and related offences ; and a set, of
by-laws was adopted, providing for the arrest and punish-
ment of obstinate and habitual offenders in this respect.
Hitherto there have been very few instances of a persistent
habit of lawless absence from school; and we trust there
may never be any necessity of bringing the terrors of the
law to aid in preventing the violation of the proper rules
of our schools as to unwarranted absence. Undoubtedly
the chief reliance must be placed in the care and diligence
of parents and teachers checking the first symptoms of a
habit so surely fatal to the welfare of the young.
THE COURSE OF STUDIES.
No essential changes have been made in the course as
published in the last Annual Report. In the Primary
13
School,12
•r the geography previously used, we haveintro-
duced
•• '• 111book,better adapted to young beginners,
as well as considerably cheaper. In some of the schools,
Eaton's Primary Arithmetic has been introduced in the
place of Greenleaf's. We shall continue to make such
changes as will be, in our judgment, a benefit to the
REPORT OF BOOK—AGENCY.
APPROPRIATIONS.
•
The rise of price in fuel, as well as other articles of less
importance, during the year, exhausted the appropriation,
with the additions usually made from the State, and the Book -Agency to Town of Lexington, Dr.
balance of the preceding '. 11 yet, at the close•
' 1
1 balance on hand 1 • • •u
the year, there was less fuel on hand than has been usual. „ amount 1 books 0 •
These / other considerations,obvious . • familiar to all, "•
4.43
rendered a larger appropriation needful for the ensuing 4.0
year. In accordance with the recommendation of the Cr.
Committee, • • ♦ what webelieve•be a -wise • By books furnished indigent children for 1863-4 i.
about11.31
lity, the town voted the sum of forty-two hundred dollars. teachers' desks 6.39
It is 1 dollars foreach pupil1 our •• 11hand
45.20
suming that the number shall remain the next year as it „ cash ,, ,, 1.53
has been the last. This is not an extravagant sum to pay
for the education of children. The Committee pledge Respectfully submitted 1
themselves, as far as those now reporting shall be in H. HOLMES, Agent.
charge, to use their best exertions to secure a fruitful MARCH 31, 1864.
expenditure of it , and to maintain the schools, as far as
possible, in what they believe to be at present their orderly
and effective condition.
LIVERMORE,
CHARLES 11
, Committee.
TABULAR VIEW.
SCHo°Ls.
TEACHERS.
HIGH SCHOOL . .
•
HANCOCK GRAMMAR .
HANCOCK PRIMARY .
HANCOCK SUB -PRIMARY .
ADAMS GRAMMAR .
ADAMS PRIMARY . .
HOWARD
BOWDITCH
WARREN
FRANKLIN
5 Augustus E. Scott
Lusanna P. Damon . 5
Abby C. Stetson . .
E. S. Parker . . .
S. E. Simonds
( John D. Marston . .
W. H. Cummings .
( William P. Bennett .
Mary B. Howe . .
5 Clara Winning .
Mary E. Blodgett
Anna M. Knight . .
Isabella Cutler . .
Frances M. Parker .
4.
0 pa
O
z
O
0
z
Pi
r2a
O V1
z
ogm
f
O
z
26
26
25.8
23.2
25
25
25.4
25.4
25.6
24.6
14
14
14.2
13.8
14
14
14.6
14.6
14.4
14.4
40
40
40
37
39
39
40
40
40
39
52
46
49
38
51
53
34
43
33
24
50+
39
41+
33
44-
39+
4-
39+
23+
35 -
26+
19-
47
54
46
35
56
50
34
44
35
23
45+
48+
42+
27
49+
40
28
38+
29+
21
Wages per Month.
$80.00
24.00
22.00
14.00
60.00
22.00
22.00
20.00
22.00
22.00
22.00
S$800.00t
75.00
240.00
220.00
125.50
585.00
214.50
212.70
220.00
220.00
214.50
The attendance at the High School has been 98A5-0- per cent for the first term, 9916 per cent for the
second term, and 961646-6 per cent for the third term.