HomeMy WebLinkAbout1862-1863 School Committee ReportREPORT
OF THE
SCHOOL COMMITTEE
OF
THE TOWN OF LEXINGTON.
FOR THE YEAR 1862-3.
BOSTON:
PRINTED BY JOHN WILSON AND SON,
5, WATER STREET.
1863.
REPORT
OF THE
SCHOOL COMMITTEE
OF
THE TOWN OF LEXINGTON.
FOR THE YEAR 1862-3.
BOSTON:
PRINTED BY JOHN WILSON AND SON,
5, WATER STREET.
1863.
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REPORT.
THE School Committee feel pleasure in being able to report a
year of general success in the schools. In some instances, an
improvement on previous years is apparent ; in others, not :
but, as a whole, we think the year has been fully up to the
average. We will, according to the usual practice, pass the
several schools briefly in review.
HOWARD SCHOOL. — Miss WINNING has continued to ad-
vance on her previous success ; and the school has presented
throughout the year all the attributes of good order, cheerful-
ness, and diligence. The class which stood. at the head, and
were regarded as prepared to enter the High School, appeared
to be thoroughly acquainted with the studies required.
BOWDITCH SCHOOL. — MiSS ANNA M. KNIGHT, who began
her work as teacher in charge of a school with the year, has
succeeded, in a good degree, in the most essential points. The
school appears to have been orderly and industrious, but we
think is capable of being advanced to a better condition,
especially as to forwardness in scholarship. We consider
Miss KNIGHT well fitted to achieve a high character as a
teacher by the diligent effort which all real success requires.
WARREN SCHOOL. — We find no change to record here.
The teacher is well and honorably known to the people of the
town by a long career of faithful and effective work ; and her
school shows that her efforts have not been in any measure
relaxed. It has been injured in no small degree by irregular
attendance, — one of the chronic infirmities of our schools
generally.
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FRANKLIN SCHOOL. — This, too, has remained under the
care of an experienced and well-known teacher. We think
it has done all that could well be expected. The number of
pupils is too small for a school of the highest interest and effi-
ciency ; but there appears to have been a more than usually
regular attendance of so many as have belonged to it.
HANCOCK PRIMARY.—Miss E. S. PARKER succeeded at the
beginning of the year to the esteemed and deeply lamented
teacher of the preceding four years. Under circumstances in
some respects quite unfavorable, Miss PARKER has toiled with
signal fidelity to do the best thing possible for the swarm com-
mitted to her ; and has succeeded, in our opinion, to the utmost
reasonable expectation.
HANCOCK GRAMMAR SCHOOL.—Miss HOYTT'S health, which
had been more or less impaired for a long time, at last failed
to such a degree as to compel her to relinquish the school,
about six weeks before the end of the first term, with the hope
that a long rest Would enable her to resume her place in the
fall. For the remainder of the spring term, the school was
taught by Mr. GALEN ALLEN, a graduate of Dartmouth Col-
lege ; and fared as well as could be expected under his tem-
porary charge. Miss HOYTT returned as expected, but not so
entirely restored in health as was hoped. By great efforts,
and with almost constant suffering, she has carried the school
through the year, and left it in the admirable state of disci-
pline and scholarship which it has exhibited throughout the
four years of her connection with it. We think it never
appeared better than at the closing examination ; and we could
not but deeply regret that unfavorable circumstances compel
the retirement of a teacher so able and accomplished.
ADAMS PRIMARY. — Miss HOWE has maintained her posi-
tion through the year with fair success. The fall examina-
tion was very pleasant : that at the close of the year was less
so ; in considerable part, owing to the absence of nearly half
of the pupils on account of very unfavorable weather.
ADAMS GRAMMAR SCHOOL. — In this school we are pleased
to testify to a very great change for the better, under the firm
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and vigorous management of Mr. JOHN D. MARSTON. It
compares well now, in deportment and recitations, with any
school in town. We consider it very desirable to retain Mr.
MARSTON, who has labored the past year for a compensation
much below the real value of his services. We trust the town
will enable the Committee to offer such terms as will induce
him to renew his engagement. The improvement in the
school extends to all essential points, — studiousness, thorough-
ness, good manners, and, by no means least, to regularity of
attendance ; in which last respect, it is second only to the High
School.
ATTENDANCE. — Laments for the great number of absences
may be said to form one of the staple elements in reports of
this kind ; and there is abundant reason. We prefer, however,
to confine our remarks under this heading to a few instances
of the exemplary constancy of a portion of our pupils. The
average attendance in each school will be found in the tabular
statement appended. In addition to this, we give some notes
taken from the records of the last term. In the High School,
thirty-six were neither absent nor tardy, about sixty-four per
cent ; in the ADAMS GRAMMAR, twenty-two, or about fifty-
five per cent ; ADAMS PRIMARY, nine, or eighteen per cent ;
HANCOCK GRAMMAR, seven, or fifteen per cent ; HANCOCK
PRIMARY, eight, or twelve per cent ; HOWARD, five, or se.v-
enteen per cent ; FRANKLIN, four, or seventeen per cent ;
BOwDITCH, one, or three per cent ; and in the WARREN,
none. All things considered, we cannot doubt that the several
schools may be made much more nearly equal in this respect,
and that the standard of the whole can be carried nearly up
to that of the best at present.
DIVISION OF THE HANCOCK SCHOOL. — In the notice of the
HANCOCK PRIMARY SCHOOL, we alluded to the excessive num-
ber of its pupils. At one time during the past year, the
aggregate attendance on the two schools was over one hun-
dred and thirty ; of which about fifty-five were in the Grammar,
and the rest (seventy-six) in the Primary School. In order
to puc as many as above stated in the Grammar School, it had
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been necessary to move up successive classes from the Pri-
mary before they had proceeded as far as we consider it desi-
rable they should before going into the Grammar School.
This burdened the latter school with a greater number of
classes than is consistent with its greatest efficiency ; and still
the relief afforded to the other school was entirely inadequate,
as the above statement of numbers shows. The Primary
room is provided with but sixty seats ; and even that number
is quite beyond what is required by a due consideration for
the health of the pupils, the efficiency of the instruction, or
the strength of the teacher. We judge that fifty is the ex-
treme number of pupils that ought to be in the charge of one
teacher. This difficulty is not one of sudden growth ; it has
been coming on for several years ; and there is no reason to
think it will prove transient. No important relief is attainable
by sending a portion of the pupils to other schools.
Thus the subject of a farther division of this school is forced
on us. The possibility that such a step would become neces-
sary was contemplated when the present schoolhouse was
built ; and a third room was secured in the rear of that now
used by the Primary School. This room has not been finished.
We recommend that it should be finished and furnished for a
third department, in which the scholars, as they enter, can be
placed for the first two years, more or less, and taught those
elements which can receive only very slight attention in the
Primary School as it now is. Two plans have been sug-
gested : one, to finish the room as it is, dimensions, when
finished, about fourteen by thirty feet ; the other, to en-
large it, by carrying out the rear wall, to a size about equal
to that of the Primary -school room.
DISTRICT SYSTEM.
Some small relics of this system still linger among us. Dur-
ing the year, two districts have had Prudential Committees.
In all the other schools, the General Committee have attended
to the duties formerly devolving upon the Prudential Commit -
7
tees. Assuming that these duties have been equally well
attended to by the two classes of officers, it may be said that
this small remainder is just enough to interfere with a sys-
tematic order of school -business on the part of the School
Committee. Simplicity, economy, and harmony would be
promoted by having one set of officers responsible for the whole
charge of the schools. As the districts have shown a steadily
increasing want of interest in district meetings and in the
appointment of Prudential Committees, if the town should
vote to continue the district system, it might be advisable to
have the Prudential Committees chosen by the town in town -
meeting, so as to secure uniformity. There is no doubt that
the interests of education may be well served under either
system ; but it seems to be obviously the tendency at the
present time to prefer that which throws the labor and the
responsibility undivided upon the School Committee of the
town.
HIGH SCHOOL.
We have no change to report in regard to this school. We
feel sure that it has been rapidly advancing in the general es-
teem ; that it was never more popular, never more valued, than
now, We believe it to be fully worthy of this general regard ;
that it is an institution of very great value to the town ; that it
does for its pupils much of good that just the same instruction
could not do for them if they were scattered in little groups
through the other schools ; and that its influence is felt not to
depress, but to stimulate, all the schools in town. The num-
ber of pupils has been somewhat less than during the pre-
vious year ; but the same remarkable constancy in attendance,
cheerfulness in study, thoroughness, and good order, have
continued unabated through the year. During the last term,
there has been some sickness, causing more absences than be-
fore ; yet the average attendance is at the very high rate of
more than ninety-seven per cent. The parents of the pupils
know how great is the interest felt by thein in the school, and
that it is based on a deep and earnest desire to come up to
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the high standard which is there set before them. The con-
stantly increasing attendance at the examinations shows that
this interest of the pupils is reflected in the minds of their
friends. We trust the people will cherish an institution
which brings the benefits of a high culture within the reach
of all classes, and not suffer it long tolabor under the disad-
vantages of a kind of tenancy at will.
DIPLOMAS.
It has been the aim of the Committee, for several years,
to bring the studies of all the schools into a settled and defi-
nite course. It is now three years since we began the work
by marking out a scheme of studies for the class then entering
the High School. The members of the class which has just
left, though not taking up the course in the precise order in
which it has been arranged for the succeeding classes, have
attended to all the required branches ; and so may be regarded
as the first that have gone through the full course of studies
prescribed in our schools. To give to such pupils, on com-
pleting their course, some formal certificate which will be to
them in after -years a pleasant reminder of their school -life, as
well as an evidence of scholarship and character, is a custom
certainly not unreasonable in itself, and yearly becoming actu-
ally more general. It falls in with our wish to make the edu-
cational course of our children a complete thing, which they
and their parents will be unwilling to break in upon by need-
less interruptions, or premature quitting of the schools. With
this view, we procured a suitable form of " diploma," and
presented to the eight members of the class who left the school
at the end of the year just past.
COURSE OF STUDIES.
For the information of the people, we adjoin a statement
of the studies prescribed in the several grades of our schools ;
remarking, that all the studies under the head of Primary and
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Grammar Schools are of course included in the work of those
schools where there is no such subdivision.
PRIMARY. — Reading : Primer, Sargent's First and Second
Readers. Spelling. Writing. Primary Geography : Colton
and Fitch's. Greealeaf's or Eaton's Primary -school Arith-
metic ; Colburn's First Lessons, as far as section sixth.
GRAMMAR. -- Reading : Sargent's Third and Fourth
Readers. Spelling : Worcester's Elementary. Writing : Pay-
son, Dunton, and Scribner's series. Geography : Colton and
Fitch's Common -school. Arithmetic : Colburn finished ; Ea-
ton's Written Arithmetic to Involution. Grammar : Tower's
Elements and Parsing.
HIGH ScHool.. — First Year. — Reading : Fifth -class
Reader. Analysis and Parsing. Spelling and Definition by
written exercises. Eaton's Arithmetic finished. Botany :
Gray's How Plants Grow." Smith's . Astronomy begun.
Hill's Geometry.
Second Year. -- Reading and Analysis. Astronomy finished.
Tenney's Geology, Davies's Elementary Algebra. Latin, or
Review of Arithmetic and Supplement. Exercises in writing
abstracts.
Third Year. — Natural Philosophy, Geometry and Tri-
gonometry. Latin. Book-keeping allowed as a substitute for
Latin. Reading. Exercises in writing abstracts and compo-
sitions.
Fourth Year. — Chemistry. Worcester's Elements of His-
tory ; select portions. Latin : Virgil. French. Compositions.
Declamations. Trench's Study of Words."
One day each week is usually allotted to general exercises,
in which the whole school take part, which are of various
kinds, adapted to draw out the faculties, to stimulate inquiry
and investigation, and to promote general intellectual vitality.
We do not regard this course as perfect or permanently set-
tl ed, but, on the contrary, hope to make improvements from
time to time, especially by adding to the extent of the course
pursued in the lower schools. As remarked last year, we
consider it desirable that the Grammar Schools should afford to
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those pupils who cannot extend their schooling beyond these
a complete training in the most essential elements of a practi-
cal education.
What we have seen during the year in our own schools, and
heard from other quarters, has confirmed the opinion formerly
expressed of the real value of the new system of gymnastic
exercises. We do not expect them to work a great revolu-
tion in our hygienic condition ; but that they are promotive of
health, cheerfulness, and good order, we hold to be as certain
as that they are agreeable to those who join in them, and
pleasing to those who see them.
The Annual Report of the State Board of Education shows
that the people of the State have not been induced by the
troubles of war to relax in their efforts or contributions in the
cause of popular education. The number of schools has in-
creased ; and the amount of money raised and expended has
been not only absolutely larger, but larger in proportion to the
number of pupils, than before. It is an honorable testimony
to the wisdom of the people, that they are not induced by an
inconsiderate parsimony to subtract from that expense, on
which, more than any thing else, the prosperity and high repu-
tation of the State have been built up. There is no reason
that this town should be an exception. Economy is indeed a
virtue at all times, and especially necessary now ; but it would
not be economy, even in the narrowest financial view, to dimin-
ish the worth of our schools, and so neglect one of the few
means within our reach of making the town attractive to those
seeking a home. There can be no more genuine economy
than to use all reasonable means, by money and otherwise, to
keep our schools on at least as good a footing as heretofore. It
may well be doubted, whether any better investment can be
made, than in advancing them, as far as practicable, to a still
higher standard.
L. J. LIVERMORE,
CALEB STETSON, Committee.
JONAS GA11MELL,
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REPORT OF BOOK—AGENCY.
all
Book -Agency to Town of Lexington, Dr.
To Cash, balance on hand April 1, 1862 .
„ Amount of Books
. $4.72
30 61
„ Cash from Town Treasury, for books furnished
indigent children and teachers' desks for the
past three years (see School Report for
1861-2)
„ Cash received from indigent children for
1861-2
Cr.
By Books furnished indigent children, 1862-3 .
teachers' desks
,, ,,
,, 19
„ Cash
7)
on hand
39.67
093
. $8.25
3 25
43 80
20 63
$75.93
$75.93
The Agent has been paid by charging from six to ten per cent
on the cost of the books.
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H. IloLMrs, Agent.
TABULAR VIEW.
SCHOOLS.
HIGH SCHOOL . .
HANCOCK GRAMMAR
HANCOCK PRIMARY .
ADAMS GRAMMAR
ADAMS PRIMARY .
HOWARD
BowDITCIl . .
WARREN
FRANKLIN
TEACHERS.
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y
G
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y ,
a
a as
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Augustus E. Scott
Abby Stetson . .
Susanna P. Damon
Lucretia M. Hoytt
Elizabeth S. Parker
John D. Marston .
Mary B. Howe . .
Clara Winning . .
Anna M. Knight .
Isabella Cutler . .
Frances M. Parker
26
26.6
27
26
25.4
26
25.2
25 2
14
ami
O
z
40
13.4 40
13
40
14 40
14.6 40
14 40
14.8 40
14.8 40
G
L
G d
▪ C
a
z
64
56
76
44
58
38
48
41
25
a
Q
ca
o=-;
60+
48+
61
39
48
27
37
27
21
0
F
o r:
w 0
0
z
57
54
60
46
54
45
45
32
23
Q
d
56
48+
46
42+
39
36+
36
24
19+
Wages per Month.
751
Z.5. 4
0
a
$80.00
7.50
4.00
32.00
20.00
40.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
24.00
24.00
$800.00
75.00
40.00
320.00
200.00
400.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
240.00
240.00
The attendance of the Iligh School has been 1. H, 7, for the several terms, or a little
more than ninety-eight per cent fur the whole year