HomeMy WebLinkAbout2023-09-14-TREE-minLexington Tree Committee
Minutes, 9.14.2023
1. Present: members Mark Connor (co-chair), Pat Moyer (co-chair and minutes), Nancy Sofen, Barbara
Tarrh, Gloria Bloom, Gerry Paul, Joe Pato (ex-officio). Regrets James Wood. Guests Nancy Trautman,
Richard Reibstein, Patrick Mehr, Charlie Wyman, Marcia Gens, Charles Hornig, Pam Lyons, Kathleen
Lenihan.
2. Meetfng was called to order at 7:33 AM.
3. Minutes of August 10, 2023 ,were approved.
4. Informatfon from the mid-meetfng with Dave Pinsonneault, Pat and Barbara were reviewed and
shared with the committee. Neither Forestry staff nor Dave plan to attend our meetfngs at present. Dave
feels our formal relatfonship is non-functfonal, although the mid-meetfngs are working for him. Fall
plantfng will be focused on the area near Hanscom. He was also willing to consider areas along Mass.
Ave that Nancy and Pat had marked out a year ago. The replantfng done behind the town tennis courts
earlier in 2023 has had 5 of the 70 trees fail; those will be replaced by Fotf, and the shrubbery planned
will also be planted this fall. A carving project for some remaining tall white pine stumps has not
materialized as funding was not approved by Town Meetfng. The stumps have been removed.
5. We received the report of the May-August hazard trees removed. We were reminded of the ISA
definitfon of hazard tree: flaw in the tree which cannot be remedied, which poses a risk to Town.
6. Pam Lyons presented informatfon about the MBTA bus stop issue. There is a proposal to move a stop
from the front of Conte Bikes, to 1666 Mass Ave. There are advocates for staying vs. moving, but if we
move the stop, we do not need to remove trees. To comply with access for disabled passengers at the
Conte locatfon, tree and other obstructfons would have to be removed. We unanimously endorsed the
move to 1666 Mass Ave.
7. Bylaw Working Group. (see below for their full presentatfon).We reviewed the current iteratfons of the
changes proposed. We agreed that exempt hazard trees require no mitfgatfon. We discussed whether
postfng permits for tree removal on abutters’ neighboring propertfes might save trees. (The homeowner
might have a chance to object). After discussion, we agreed not to recommend this. We discussed a
proposed sectfon concerning mitfgatfon on constructfon propertfes. This proposal would require that the
first 20 feet of the setback be the first place chosen to replant, if replantfng required. We were generally
in favor. A guest raised the questfon whether a town can impose this sort of restrictfon. The city of
Springfield has done so. This will be reviewed with Town Counsel.
8. Bylaw proposal disseminatfon. Our Bylaw Working Group has met with Dave, and he was generally
supportfve of their thoughts. We want to disseminate the proposal, get citfzen reactfons, and set
prioritfes. We also want to simplify enforcement. It’s possible that parts of the bylaw need rewritfng.
9. Follow-up to meetfng with the Select Board on 8/21/23. There was some concern on our part that the
Board misunderstood that the purpose of a working group (requested in the May presentatfon of the
Tree Statement of Concern to the Board) was to revise the Tree Bylaw, not to improve its enforcement.
Nancy has drafted and Pat and Mark have sent a clarifying letter to the Board, as well as to Town
Manager and Dave. Dave has acknowledged receipt of this letter and stated his understanding of the
mandate of the Working Group to Pat and Mark; his views align with ours.
10. We discussed our representatfon on the Working Group. The two co-chairs are invited and will
attend. There will need to be ramping up of knowledge of the co -chairs. Gerry suggested Working Group
meetfngs might usefully be public so that informed people can present. Gerry and Nancy both
emphasized the large need for bylaw enforcement, and the fact that such enforcement will be financially
beneficial to the Town.
Joe Pato mentfoned that there has been discussion of a need for an enforcement officer for a variety of
Town Bylaws. We discussed how and under which department such an officer might work.
11. Gerry presented a portfon of his research into specific recent examples of failures of Tree Bylaw
enforcement (attached). For the record, detailed similar research was done by Nancy in 2021 and has
been accepted and logged by us, and presented to the Select Board.
We sensed that this was valuable informatfon from which to proceed, and questfoned whether it should
be disseminated, and to whom. After much discussion of possibilitfes (public meetfng, the press, Town
Meetfng members, the SB, the Town Meetfng member candidates forum, etc) we decided to place our
trust in the Working Group for now, and to accept Gerry’s research with gratftude, archiving it in these
minutes.
12. We discussed the Tree Inventory, initfated in 2017.
13. Pat discussed her progress on further disseminatfon of informatfon about tree value and legislatfon.
There is interest in being a vehicle for same by the town’s informatfon officer, and by the Lexington
Observer. The Lexington Times is another possibility. She is in need of informed writers to aid her.
Suggestfons were made.
14. Barbara thanked Gloria for her steady and calm service to this Committee and to the Town. The rest
of the committee joined in. Gloria’s term ends September 30, 2023.
15. The meetfng adjourned at 10:15 AM.
Respectiully submitted,
Patricia Moyer co-chair
TREE PRESERVATION BYLAW FRAMEWORK
On 8/10/2023 the Tree Committee voted 5-0 in support of pursuing these changes to the Tree
Bylaw. Highlighted additions to be considered at 9/14/23 Tree Committee meeting.
The Tree Bylaw Working Group recommends the following changes to the Tree Bylaw.
NAME
Tree Preservation Bylaw
DEFINITIONS (NEW)
Significant tree: Any tree 6” DBH or larger (replaces the term “protected tree” that is used in the
current bylaw)
Large tree: Any tree 24” DBH or larger. A Large tree is also a Significant tree.
Hazardous tree: A tree that has a structural defect that makes it likely to fail in whole or in part,
which cannot be mitigated by pruning or other means. Additionally, there must be a risk that
failure will result in damage to persons or property.
Enforcement Officer: The person charged with enforcing this bylaw. This person is not
necessarily the Tree Warden and does not need to be an arborist.
Street Frontage Zone: The area within 20’ of pavement of any lot side that fronts a street. This
zone includes the Town ROW and is generally smaller than the building setback area.
EXEMPTIONS FROM PROHIBITIONS ON REMOVAL (not unanimous)
A. Emergency projects necessary for public safety, health and welfare as determined by the
Director of Public Works or the Town Manager; (existing - may need to update to include post-
removal notification for emergencies on private land)
B. Trees that are hazardous as determined in writing by an arborist who has attained
certification from the International Society of Arboriculture or through the Massachusetts
Certified Arborist Program of the Massachusetts Arborists Association, using the ISA Basic Tree
Risk Assessment Form. (AMENDED - it used to be the Tree Warden who declared a hazard
tree)
C.. Trees identified by the Commonwealth that pose a risk of disease or insect infestation.
(existing)
D. TBD: Clear, non-arbitrary guidelines for when Large trees in the setback that interfere
with operation of existing or proposed solar panels may be removed. Mitigation for the
removed tree would be required. (NEW - should this be an exemption, or based on appeal to
the Tree Committee?)
INCREASED SCOPE - in order of priority
1. A permit is required prior to removal of any Significant tree. A copy of the permit
shall be posted on the tree for 1 week prior to its removal.
FOR HOMEOWNERS:
The applicant must submit a sketch showing their lot with structures and driveway, the location,
size and species of tree to be removed, and any planned replanting that is required (see
mitigation discussion below). Because there is no professional preparing a plot plan for
homeowner permit applications, the homeowner must also attest that they own the tree to be
removed.
FOR LOTS UNDERGOING DEVELOPMENT
Additional documents (certified plot plan identifying trees to be removed and retained, tree
protection plan for retained trees, replanting plan) are required of builders. A demolition or
building permit would not be granted until all of these are complete and the tree protections are
in place.
APPROVAL
A permit shall not be denied for any tree not located in the lot setback area. Approval of a
permit application to remove a Significant or Large tree from the setback area is conditioned on
meeting the requirements of this bylaw and its accompanying regulations.
PERMIT FEE
Remains as set by the Select Board, currently $20/DBH inch.
2. Removal of certain trees is prohibited
LARGE TREES
A Large tree (24” DBH and greater) located in the setback of any property may not be removed
except by appeal to the Tree Committee or if exempted in this bylaw or its regulations. If the
appeal is granted, mitigation by replanting or payment to the Tree Fund shall be 4 times the
DBH of the Large tree. If a Large tree is removed without prior permission, the penalty will be
the greater of the assessed value of the tree as determined by a member of the American
Society of Consulting Arborists using the Council of Tree and Landscape Appraisers trunk
formula method and the mitigation required under the bylaw.
SIGNIFICANT TREES IN THE STREET FRONTAGE ZONE
A Significant tree located in the Street Frontage Zone of any property may not be removed
except by appeal to the Tree Committee or if exempted in this bylaw or its regulations. If the
appeal is granted, mitigation by replanting or payment to the Tree Fund shall be required. If a
Significant tree in the Frontage Zone is removed without prior permission, the penalty will be the
greater of the assessed value of the tree as determined by a member of the American Society
of Consulting Arborists using the Council of Tree and Landscape Appraisers trunk formula
method and the mitigation required under the bylaw.
3. Clear-cutting is prohibited
To prevent clear-cutting of lots, Significant trees with a combined DBH that is at least 20% [this
number is a placeholder and is to be determined] of the total DBH of existing Significant trees
located in the setbacks shall be retained and protected. If this number is less than the DBH of
any one existing Significant tree, a minimum of one Significant tree shall be retained. The
retained Significant tree need not be located in the setback.
4. Protections for retained Significant trees on lots under development
Significant trees on a property under development, in the town ROW, and abutters’ trees, whose
critical root zones are within the limit of work, shall be included in a Tree Protection Plan.
A Tree Protection Plan is acceptable if it conforms to the regulations in the Tree Management
Manual. Any deviation from these regulations, such as if a protected tree’s critical root zone
must be impacted by construction activity, require that a plan to preserve the tree’s health be
prepared by an arborist who has attained certification from the International Society of
Arboriculture or through the Massachusetts Certified Arborist Program of the Massachusetts
Arborists Association, and followed. Tree protections must be installed before any work begins
and must remain in place throughout the entire construction process.
5. Tree Preservation Bylaw applies to all properties
Permits for tree removals, prohibitions on Large tree removal, and some replanting
requirements apply to all properties. There are different documentation and mitigation
requirements for homeowner-occupied lots and those under development.
6. Planting, Replanting and Mitigation Requirements
A replanting plan is required as part of the permit application, and should be updated if that
application changes.
For homeowners, mitigation by replanting or payment to the Tree Fund is required only for
Significant trees removed from the front setback. On lots under development, all Significant
trees removed from setback areas shall be mitigated by replanting or payment to the Tree Fund.
Mitigation levels (1” per inch DBH for Significant trees less than 24” DBH, 4” per inch DBH for
Large Trees 24” and greater if removal is allowed) remain the same as in the current bylaw.
MANDATED MINIMUM PLANTING
New trees must be planted in the Street Frontage Zone as close to the street as practicable to
ensure the health of the tree and future shading of the street and sidewalk. When no overhead
wires are present, the maximum number possible of large shade tree species shall be planted at
a spacing of 27’. When overhead wires are present, the maximum number possible of
understory trees shall be planted at a spacing of 10’-15’, or medium to large trees may be
planted set back from the wires. The planting of new trees at this density along the street
frontage is required on lots under development regardless of whether such planting exceeds the
mitigation required. The street frontage planting requirement is waived if there are sufficient
existing trees along the street frontage to satisfy the requirement. New trees must be planted if
a gap of more than 27’ between street frontage trees exists.
Homeowners must replant only to the extent required as mitigation for Significant trees removed
from the front setback. Replacement trees shall be planted in the Street Frontage Zone as
described above.
PLANTING INCENTIVES
A. New trees from the Large Shade Trees list shall be credited at 4x their DBH.
B. A mechanism will be set up so that the Tree Fund may be used to subsidize (nursery voucher, or
reimbursement) homeowners’ replanting costs.
C.. A mechanism will be set up so that the Tree Fund may be used to subsidize (nursery voucher, or
reimbursement) applicants’ minimum street frontage replanting costs beyond their required
mitigation on lots under development. Applicants may not perform mitigation planting elsewhere and
then request subsidization for street frontage planting.
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
Permit denials by the enforcement officer can be appealed to the Tree Committee, who will
develop standards by which appeals are decided. This might include financial hardship for
homeowners. We want to minimize the enforcement officer’s role in judgment calls and allow
the enforcement officer to not need to be a certified arborist.
The two common large invasive trees in this area, Norway maple and black locust, are both
numerous and provide ecosystem benefits, and so are not exempt from any provision of the
bylaw.
Sustainable Lexington and Maggie Peard will be engaged to help create standards for when
Large setback trees or Street Frontage Zone trees might be removed to allow for solar
panels. This might include requesting an analysis of shading and options for pruning prepared
by the solar installation company.
Our current bylaw allows replanting on abutting properties with neig hbors’ permission, and
planting on the nearby Town ROW would be possible with permission from the DPW.
There should be explicit consequences for tree protection violations.
We should start updating the recommended tree list and tree protection regulations now.
We need to engage with IT to integrate the permit application process early in the development
of the bylaw.
We need to engage with Planning about defining how the bylaw applies to various types of
residential developments. For the purposes of the bylaw, is a lot the original property boundary
or is it the new lots created by the development? What is Planning’s authority in this distinction?
This will require more staff time, which we understand is a challenge. Is it true that fees should
cover the staff time needed to administer the bylaw, and if so can we ensure that the fees are
structured to staff bylaw enforcement adequately?