1. Estabrook School HSR Feb 26, 2013

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Joseph Estabrook School: Historic Structure Report Team Teaching Philosophy 7 The immediate result of the discussions was the establishment of the School and University Program for Research and Development ( SUPRAD). Among the faculty members included in the planning were Assistant Dean Judson T. Shaplin, author of an important book on team teaching in 1964, and Dr. Anderson, Professor of Education, who would supervise the Lexington Team Teaching Program (LTTP) and who became known as "the father of Team Teaching for his years of leadership in implementing the concept. "16 Team teaching and other innovative teaching programs received a boost of support in 1957 after Russia launched Sputnik, the first manned space flight in history. The event produced an outpouring of concern that American education, especially in the sciences, had fallen behind education in the Soviet Union. "People saw Sputnik as a golden opportunity to initiate innovations. 07 Within a year, the National Defense Education Act was passed. The act provided $877,000,000 to be spent over four years on education intended to improve national security. The funds provided financial assistance primarily for study of science, mathematics, and foreign languages. 18 Earlier in 1951, the Ford Foundation established the Fund for the Advancement of Education "as an independent organization to support new and experimental programs at all levels of education. "19 The Lexington Team Teaching Program under the direction of SUPRAD was among the large number of educational programs that the Ford fund supported in the 1950s and 1960s. Other universities, such as the Claremont Graduate School in Claremont, California, were involved in innovative educational programs and in team teaching in particular, using various models of collaboration with school systems. Dr. Robert H. Anderson described the rationale for school and university collaboration: Among the reasons for establishing the School and University Program for Research and Development ( SUPRAD) was the belief that public school systems might more easily close the gap between educational ideals and educational realities if they joined with private universities in programs for research and demonstration. Relations analogous to those between medical schools and hospitals were seen as a way toward tough- minded research and unbiased evaluation of new ideas. Among these ideas was the contention that the existing organizational pattern of American schools and classrooms may be inadequate and unsuitable in view of the vast population increase and the severe shortage of professional workers as needs are now defined . 20 Team teaching can mean many different things depending on who is practicing it. Fortunately, people directly involved in the program explained the Lexington Team Teaching Program, which was recognized in 1964 as the largest and most comprehensive team teaching program for the 16 Medill Bair and Richard G. Woodward, Team Teaching In Action (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1964), v. 17 Bill Terris, interview with Anne Grady, March 9, 2012. 18 1950's Education. http: / /www.enotes.com/1950- education - american- decades /national- defense - education -act. 19 John J. Scanlon, "The Fund for the Advancement of Education," Bulletin of the American Institute of Biological Sciences (A.I.B.S. Bulletin) (June 1957): 12. 20 Robert H. Anderson, Ellis A. Hagstrom and Wade M. Robinson, "Team Teaching in an Elementary School," The School Review Vol. 68, No. 1 (Spring 1960): 72. Anne Andrus Grady June 2012